Birth Seasonality in Alouatta caraya in Northern Argentina

Kowalewski, Miguel Martin; Zunino, Gabriel E.

doi:10.1023/b:ijop.0000019158.45628.4a

Cited by 116 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Multimale groups are present at higher frequencies in flooded and continuous forests than in fragmented and gallery forests [Kowalewski & Zunino, 2004;Rumiz, 1990]. In our study population, the average number of adult males per group was 2.1 AE 0.7 (range 1-3), and the average number of adult females was 3.1 AE 0.9 (range 2-4) [Oklander et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Based on previous observations of mate guarding and asynchronous births within groups [Kowalewski, 2007;Kowalewski & Garber, 2010;Kowalewski & Zunino, 2004;Oklander, 2007], we predict that there will be a male dominance hierarchy in which higher ranked/central males will father most of the offspring in their resident group. We expect that higher ranked/central males will obtain most of the matings, however we also predict that alpha males will not monopolize copulations because: (1) dominant males allow lower ranking males to copulate in order to gain support during intergroup encounters and male incursion attempts and/or (2) risk of infanticide, and the fact that females copulate during gestation and lactation, suggests that females might choose to mate with subordinate males in order to confuse paternity [Garber & Kowalewksi, 2011;Kowalewski & Garber, 2010;Oklander et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The continuous forest allows the coexistence of multimale and multifemale black and gold howler groups that overlap home ranges up to 60-75% [Oklander et al, 2010]. A more complete description of the site and location of study groups are provided elsewhere [Kowalewski & Garber, 2010;Kowalewski & Zunino, 2004].…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We analyzed paternities and maternities of two neighboring groups (LR and NF), that were not followed intensively, but visited regularly for population studies [Kowalewski, 2007;Kowalewski & Zunino, 2004]. Group LR had two juveniles of approximately 3 years old (Lila and Migui), sired by one male (Mazzi) and two smaller juveniles, but clearly not twins because of differences in their sizes (Mireya and Milica), sired by another male of the same group (TomX).…”

Section: Paternity Of Infants and Juveniles From Studied And Neighbormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also witnessed, in one occasion, a resident male taking over the group displacing the central male [Kowalewski, 2007;Oklander, 2007]. Alouatta caraya females at our study site engage in fertile (during ovulation) and non-fertile copulations (e.g., during gestation and lactation) with resident and nonresident males [Kowalewski & Garber, 2010] and births occurred throughout the year [Kowalewski & Zunino, 2004]. Conspicuous behavior during females' fertile periods, such as mate guarding, characterize short periods of high within-group male-male interference (e.g., persistent following of a female at close range for 2-3 days [Kowalewski & Garber, 2010]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Oklander

Kowalewski

Corach

2013

American J Primatol

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Behavioral and demographic factors such as group size, social structure, dispersal patterns, and mating systems affect male reproductive success. In the present study, we analyze the relationship between social structure, genetic relatedness of adult males and offspring paternity in one population of Alouatta caraya inhabiting a continuous forest in Northern Argentina. After 14 months of behavioral studies and genotyping 11 microsatellites, we found that dominant or central males achieved greater mating success and fathered all the offspring conceived during our study in two multimale-multifemale groups (both including three adult males). Although skewed toward the dominant males, females copulated with almost all resident males and with extra group males. We found significantly fewer agonistic interactions between adult males in the group with fewer females and where males were more genetically related to each other (average relatedness r ¼ 0.237; 0.015 int/ind/hr vs. r ¼ 0.02; 0.029 int/ ind/hr). Paternity was also analyzed in two other neighboring groups which also showed strong skew to one male over a 2-year period. These results reveal that even though female black and gold howlers mate with many males, infants are typically fathered by one dominant male. Am. J. Primatol. 76:43-55, 2014.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paternity Of Infants and Juveniles From Studied And Neighbormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Oklander

Kowalewski

Corach

2013

American J Primatol

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Influence of sociodemographic factors in birth seasonality in Spain

Alcaide

López

Bolúmar

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: The goal of the present research is to establish for the first time a hierarchy of sociodemographic factors according to their importance influencing birth seasonality. Methods: We used Vital Statistics data on all births registered in Spain in the period 2016-2019. Differences in the degree of seasonality between sociodemographic groups (defined by maternal age, maternal marital status, maternal education, birth order, maternal job qualification, maternal employment status, maternal location population size, and maternal country of birth) were first examined with descriptive techniques. Secondly, analysis through alternative Data Mining techniques determined the association between sociodemographic factors and birth seasonality and the factors importance rank.Results: Those factors related to maternal labor status (employment status, job qualification, and education) were found to be the most relevant influencing birth seasonality. It was found that the overall seasonal pattern in Spain was driven by lower skilled employed mothers, in contrast with not employed or high skilled employed mothers, who showed a different or weaker seasonality. Finally, we found that a change in the rhythm pattern has taken place in the last decades in Spain.Conclusions: Birth seasonality is to a large extent related to maternal employment status. Employed mothers, normally more affected by the seasonality of work calendar than the unemployed, show higher conception rates structured around holidays. This may indicate that the observed change of seasonal pattern in Spain in the last decades, as in other European countries, may be specifically driven by the progressive higher participation of women in labor market.

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Use of traps to capture black and gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) on the Islands of the upper paraná river, Southern Brazil

Aguiar

Ludwig

Svoboda

et al. 2006

American J Primatol

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Howlers (genus Alouatta) are widely captured with the use of anesthetic projectiles; however, no capture protocol involving the use of traps has been described to date. In the present study we describe the first efficient capture program for black and gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) using traps, which was implemented on the islands of the upper Paraná River in southern Brazil. We constructed two trap models with either manual or automatic activation (trap A with two entrances and guillotine-type doors; trap B with one entrance and a guillotine-type door). The traps were suspended in the canopy by means of vertical climbing techniques, and were baited regularly and abundantly with bananas and mangoes. We captured 70 howlers (86% using manual activation and 14% using automatic activation) on four different islands. We restrained 41 of these animals and measured their body mass, which averaged 5.30 kg+/-1.79. Given our results, we suggest that the system described in the present study represents an alternative capture program for howlers in areas that have low food diversity and no other mammal species that will compete for the bait, as has been observed in riparian environments, islands, and forest fragments.

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Birth Seasonality in Alouatta caraya in Northern Argentina

Cited by 116 publications

References 28 publications

Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Influence of sociodemographic factors in birth seasonality in Spain

Use of traps to capture black and gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) on the Islands of the upper paraná river, Southern Brazil

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