Use of traps to capture black and gold howlers (<i>Alouatta caraya</i>) on the Islands of the upper paraná river, Southern Brazil

Records of sympatry between Alouatta caraya and A. clamitans are rare despite their extensive range overlap. An example of their current sympatry and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids of A. caraya and A. clamitans in the forests of the Upper Paraná River, Southern Brazil, are reported in this paper. Eight groups were observed in the study area: five monospecific groups of A. caraya, two of A. clamitans, and a group containing two adult males and two adult females of A. caraya and a sub-adult male and two adult females identified as Alouatta sp. The color of the last three individuals was a mosaic between the two species; this is consistent with previously described variations in museum specimens collected in the Paraná River in the 1940s that had been identified as potential hybrids. The results from this study emphasize the need for scientific studies in the region of the Ilha Grande National Park, one of the few regions in the Paraná River that currently harbors both howler species.

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“…Recent efforts, however (Aguiar 2006;Aguiar et al 2007), did not find these species coexisting in the region of the Upper Paraná River.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sympatry between Alouatta caraya and Alouatta clamitans and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids in Southern Brazil

et al. 2007

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“…Thirteen Sapajus spp. were captured using humane live terrestrial traps (Tomahawk) set in previously determined areas for easy viewing 13 . Three Alouatta caraya were ca ptured with the aid of an anesthetic dart rifl e 14 .…”

Section: Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living New World primates (Sapajus spp.; Alouatta caraya) captured in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Batista

Andreotti

Almeida

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:A sero-epidemiological survey was undertaken to detect the circulation of arboviruses in free-living non-human primates. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 16 non-human primates ( 13 Sapajus spp. and three Alouatta caraya) that were captured using terrestrial traps and anesthetic darts in woodland regions in the municipalities of Campo Grande, Aquidauana, Jardim, Miranda and Corumbá in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were sent to the Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC) in Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil, to detect antibodies against 19 species of arboviruses using a hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). Results: Of the 16 primates investigated in the present study, fi ve (31.2%) were serologically positive for an arbovirus. Of these fi ve, two (12.5%) exhibited antibodies to the Flavivirus genus, one (6.2%) exhibited a monotypic reaction to Cacipacoré virus, one (6.2%) was associated with Mayaro virus, and one (6.2%) was positive for Oropouche virus. Conclusions: Based on the positive serology observed in the present study, it was possible to conclude that arboviruses circulate among free-living primates. The viruses in the areas studied might have been introduced by infected humans or by primates from endemic or enzootic areas. Studies of this nature, as well as effi cient and continuous surveillance programs, are needed to monitor viral activities in endemic and enzootic regions.

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“…Howlers were studied from October 2004 to September 2005 using two methods: (1) repeated counts along linear transects, and (2) ad libitum records, when animals were being habituated, monitored, captured (Aguiar et al 2007c) or followed for general ecological and behavioral studies.…”

Section: Groups Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Group size and composition of black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) on the Upper Paraná River, Southern Brazil

2008

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In social mammals, group size, sex and age-class composition are important parameters that are required to understand population dynamics and determine conservation strategies. These parameters are known only poorly for the black-and-gold howler monkey (Alouatta caraya). Here, we studied groups of A. caraya on islands and adjacent banks of the Upper Paraná River of southern Brazil, to examine variability in group size and composition. This location is important for this species because of the high density of howlers. Group size was large, varying from 6 to 18 individuals (average = 11.5, standard deviation = 3.3, n = 13). Groups were multi-male, and adult females outnumbered adult males. On average, groups had the following ratios: 1 adult male: 0.5 subadult male: 1.9 adult females: 0.9 juveniles: 0.5 infants. The ratio of 0.2 infant: 1 adult female is less than that in other species, but typical of other studies of the black-and-gold howlers. Here, we discuss environmental and social pressures that may impose structure on large groups of howlers in terms of strategies for living in high densities. We also compare these data with those of the area of sympatry shared between A. caraya and A. clamitans, and suggest that competition may occur between the two species and that reduced fitness may be a consequence of mixed groups.

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Use of traps to capture black and gold howlers (Alouatta caraya) on the Islands of the upper paraná river, Southern Brazil

Cited by 42 publications

References 8 publications

Sympatry between Alouatta caraya and Alouatta clamitans and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids in Southern Brazil

Sympatry between Alouatta caraya and Alouatta clamitans and the rediscovery of free-ranging potential hybrids in Southern Brazil

Detection of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living New World primates (Sapajus spp.; Alouatta caraya) captured in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Group size and composition of black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) on the Upper Paraná River, Southern Brazil

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