Birds select conventional over organic wheat when given free choice

McKenzie, Ailsa J.; Whittingham, Mark J.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.4025

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…Siwalan brown sugar is favored by the birds possibly because of the flavor of this sugar. Birds have individual preferences for foods based on the taste, habits, food placement, texture, size, shape and colour (McKenzie and Whittingham, 2010). Taste may also play a role in sugar type preferences (Hollo- Matson and Koutsos (2006) stated that tastes and specific appetites may sometimes drive the feed consumption.…”

Section: Preferences On Type Of Brown Sugar Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potency of Brown Sugar as a Nectar Substitute for Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity

Prijono

Rachmatika

2019

J Bio Bio Edu

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Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) is nectarivorous bird that feed on nectar as a source of carbohydrate. In captivity, it is not practical to provide a continued diet of nectar from the flowers. Therefore, this study aimed to find other carbohydrate sources such as brown sugar as substitute nectar for T. haematodus. Twelve wild T. haematodus in four cages offered five types different brown sugar solution with different concentrations. Since brown sugar has low protein content, therefore the birds also offered commercial baby biscuit to meet the protein requirement. The results showed that the birds like to consume all types of brown sugar solution with sugar concentration up to 40% . However, the siwalan brown sugar solution was the most favored by the bird. over the other type of brown sugar solutions (aren, coconut, sugar cane and regular commercial "palm" brown sugar). Furthermore, the result showed that the birds prefer commercial baby biscuit was soaked in the brown sugar solution with concentration 20%. This study provides the information that the brown sugar solution based diet has potency as an alternative carbohydrate source to substitute nectar for T. haematodus in captivity which is more practical and can increase the survival rate in birds.

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Section: Preferences On Type Of Brown Sugar Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potency of Brown Sugar as a Nectar Substitute for Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity

Prijono

Rachmatika

2019

J Bio Bio Edu

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“…For example, egg-laying kakapo hens select a diet that apparently is deficient in essential fatty acid even when foods that can meet the requirement are available (Body and Powlesland, 1990). Birds have individual preferences for foods based on taste, habits, food placement, texture, size, shape and colour (Brue, 1994;McKenzie and Whittingham, 2010). Avian taste buds are found in much lower numbers than those of mammals in the oral cavity.…”

Section: Determination Of Bird Nutrient Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that some birds choose conventional seeds when given the choice (in relation to organic food). This could be explained either because conventional seeds have a higher protein rate or because of the animals’ previous feeding habits (McKenzie and Whittingham, ). Different kinds of cooking processes are also available: pelletizing and extrusion.…”

Section: Veterinarian Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diet of adult psittacids: veterinarian and ethological approaches

Péron

Grosset²

2013

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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SummaryParrots species are kept as pets because of their colours, their vocal abilities, their longevity and also their behaviours. Nevertheless, many owners do not know how to feed their bird in a healthy way and sometimes veterinarians and ethologists are confronted to dramatic situations. Diet is a key factor to prevent and reduce health and psychogenic disorders. Imbalance can lead to physical, physiological and behavioural modifications that can weaken the owner-bird relationship, cause bird discomfort and sometimes threaten its survival. Psittacids are known for their complex cognitive and communicative abilities. They are social animals and need many interactions. Kept in captivity, they could suffer from boredom because of lack of stimulations and also because of lack of possibility to explore and to forage, which could represent up to 70% of their day time in the wild. Indeed, humans control every parameter in the environment of pet psittacids. They provide a highly digestible diet. In captivity, foraging is not mandatory, and the bird can get bored. Here, we present a review of the literature regarding the quality of the diet and health disorders on one hand and the interaction between foraging opportunities and psychogenic disorders in adult psittacids on the other hand.

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“…Avoiding the presence of Fusarium mycotoxins in food is very important, thus organic food is perceived as “food without chemistry” of higher quality than conventional [11,12]. In the literature, you can find analyses on this issue comparing wheat form organic and conventional cropping systems [13,14,15,16,17]. Mäder et al [18] analyzed Fusarium metabolites, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV), content in wheat grain produced in a 21-year conventional and organic agrosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Winter Wheat Cultivars Grown Organically and Conventionally with Focus on Fusarium Head Blight and Fusarium Trichothecene Toxins

et al. 2019

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Growing acreage and changing consumer preferences cause increasing interest in the cereal products originating from organic farming. Lack of results of objective test, however, does not allow drawing conclusions about the effects of cultivation in the organic system and comparison to currently preferred conventional system. Field experiment was conducted in organic and conventional fields. Thirty modern cultivars of winter wheat were sown. They were characterized for disease infection including Fusarium head blight, seed sowing value, the amount of DNA of the six species of Fusarium fungi as well as concentration of ergosterol and trichothecenes in grain. The intensity Fusarium head blight was at a similar level in both systems. However, Fusarium colonization of kernels expressed as ergosterol level or DNA concentration was higher for the organic system. It did not reflect in an increased accumulation of trichothecenes in grain, which was similar in both systems, but sowing value of organically produced seeds was lower. Significant differences between analyzed cropping systems and experimental variants were found. The selection of the individual cultivars for organic growing in terms of resistance to diseases and contamination of grain with Fusarium toxins was possible. Effects of organic growing differ significantly from the conventional and grain obtained such way can be recommended to consumers. There are indications for use of particular cultivars bred for conventional agriculture in the case of organic farming, and the growing organic decreases plant stress resulting from intense fertilization and chemical plant protection.

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Birds select conventional over organic wheat when given free choice

Abstract: The results of this study suggest that the current dogma that organic food is preferred to conventional food may not always be true, which is of considerable importance for consumer perceptions of organically grown food.

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Potency of Brown Sugar as a Nectar Substitute for Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity

Potency of Brown Sugar as a Nectar Substitute for Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity

The diet of adult psittacids: veterinarian and ethological approaches

Performance of Winter Wheat Cultivars Grown Organically and Conventionally with Focus on Fusarium Head Blight and Fusarium Trichothecene Toxins

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