Bipolar disorder: a review of conceptual and clinical aspects

Bosaipo, Nayanne Beckmann; Borges, Vinícius Ferreira; Juruena, Mário Francisco

doi:10.11606/issn.2176-7262.v50isupl1.p72-84

Cited by 15 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Autobiographical memory has been comparatively less studied in bipolar disorder (BD). BD affects ∼30 million people worldwide and is characterized by severe mood swings that include periods of elevation (mania) and depression, intertwined with periods of remission (euthymia) (9,10). Patients with BD are 12 × more likely to commit suicide than healthy individuals (11), which may be linked to childhood maltreatment (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical Memory and Episodic Specificity Across Different Affective States in Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2021

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Autobiographical memory is essential to ground a sense of self-identity, contributing to social functioning and the development of future plans, and being an essential source for the psychiatric interview. Previous studies have suggested loss of autobiographical episodic specificity in unipolar depression, but relatively fewer investigations have been conducted in bipolar disorder (BD) patients, particularly across different mood states. Similarly, there is a scarcity of systematic investigations about mood-congruent and mood-dependent memory in relation to autobiographical memory in BD. Considering this, a total of 74 patients with BD (24 in euthymia, 26 in mania, and 24 in depression) responded with autobiographical memories to cue words belonging to four categories: mania, depression, BD, and neutral. Episodic specificity was scored according to the Autobiographical Interview, with high intra- and inter-rater reliability. Results indicated that patients in mania generally re-experience more episodic details than those in depression. Depressed bipolar patients reported fewer details of perception and less time integration of memories than those in euthymia or mania. Words linked to depression and BD induced greater episodic re-experiencing than neutral words, just as words about BD provided greater episodic re-experiencing and more details of emotion/thoughts than words about mania. Words linked to depression provoked more time details about the recalled episodes than words on BD or neutral themes. No mood-congruent or mood-dependent effects were observed. Current findings may improve the ability of clinicians to conduct psychiatric interviews and the diagnosis of BD, with special attention to how memory details are generated across different mood states of the condition. Additionally, interventions to foster autobiographical recollection in BD may be developed, similar to what has already been done in the context of schizophrenia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical Memory and Episodic Specificity Across Different Affective States in Bipolar Disorder

et al. 2021

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“…Knowledge regarding their own illness might enrich comprehension of the importance of medication use and its effects on mood[ 61 ]. Moreover, a higher adherence to treatment is associated with monotherapy and reduced drug side effects[ 4 , 62 ]. Psychoeducational approaches to family members had no influence on treatment adherence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence rates for each BD subtype, I and II, in community-based samples are 0.6% and 1.4%, respectively, and the mean age of onset of the disease is approximately 20 years[ 2 , 3 ]. Poor treatment adherence is associated with mood swings, social stigmatization, and lower social support in BD[ 4 ]. Psychosocial interventions might play an essential role in promoting social rehabilitation and improving pharmacotherapy adherence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have demonstrated that non-pharmacological interventions, such as psychoeducation and cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal therapy, promote effects in the treatment of acute mood episodes and maintenance treatment in BD[ 5 ]. These actions favors the early recognition of warning signs of mood instability and promote the development of healthier lifestyles[ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychoeducation in bipolar disorder: A systematic review

Rabelo¹,

Cruz²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2021

WJP

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BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by mood swings. Psychosocial interventions, such as psychoeducation, play an essential role in promoting social rehabilitation and improving pharmacological treatment. AIM To investigate the role of psychoeducation in BD. METHODS A systematic review of original studies regarding psychoeducation interventions in patients with BD and their relatives was developed. A systematic literature search was performed using the Medline, Scopus, and Lilacs databases. No review articles or qualitative studies were included in the analysis. There were no date restriction criteria, and studies published up to April 2021 were included. RESULTS A total of forty-seven studies were selected for this review. Thirty-eight studies included patients, and nine included family members. Psychoeducation of patients and family members was associated with a lower number of new mood episodes and a reduction in number and length of stay of hospitalizations. Psychoeducational interventions with patients are associated with improved adherence to drug treatment. The strategies studied in patients and family members do not interfere with the severity of symptoms of mania or depression or with the patient's quality of life or functionality. Psychoeducational interventions with family members do not alter patients' adherence to pharmacotherapy. CONCLUSION Psychoeducation as an adjunct strategy to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of BD leads to a reduction in the frequency of new mood episodes, length of hospital stay and adherence to drug therapy.

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“…The disorder, according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-V ) [3] differs in 2 main types: type I, in which episodes of mania occur, and type II, in which the elevation of mood is milder and brief, characterizing episodes of hypomania [4] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of self-inflicted violence in patients with bipolar disorder

Leão

Filho²,

Fiamoncini³

et al. 2019

Medicine

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Background:Studies aimed at understanding the higher risk profiles for self-inflicted violence in individuals with BD become essential as a possible predictive risk measure for the presence of suicidal behavior, corroborating the expressive reduction of suicide deaths in young people who are in psychic suffering.Methods:The protocol was constructed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA-P) and the research question was constructed using guidelines from the Population Intervention Comparator Outcome Setting (PICOS) strategy. A third reviewer will be contacted, and two studies will be included in the selection, analysis and inclusion phases of the articles, in case of divergence, a third reviewer will be contacted. (1) methodological design studies of cohorts, case-control and cross-sectional; (2) Diagnosis of Bipolar disorder according to Diagnostic and statistical Manual of mental disorders V; (3) Studies with adult population and (4) Studies that consider at least one type of self-inflicted violence as a variable. The articles considered eligible will be analyzed by New Castle - Ottawa quality assessment scale/cross section studies (NOS) to evaluate the quality of the studies.Results:The identification of the characteristics of self-harm may subsidize professionals who work in the treatment of bipolar disorder with greater attention to these practices and monitoring of possible suicidal behaviors.Conclusion:This study may represent one of the initial measures of evaluation on these correlations, which will allow to protocol the guidelines in the field of practice and contribute to improvements in public health indexes.

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Bipolar disorder: a review of conceptual and clinical aspects

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Autobiographical Memory and Episodic Specificity Across Different Affective States in Bipolar Disorder

Autobiographical Memory and Episodic Specificity Across Different Affective States in Bipolar Disorder

Psychoeducation in bipolar disorder: A systematic review

Behavior of self-inflicted violence in patients with bipolar disorder

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