Biotin-Active Compounds, Their Existence in Nature and the Biotin Requirements of Yeasts

Oura, Erkki; Suomalainen, Heikki

doi:10.1002/j.2050-0416.1982.tb04112.x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…A lack of biotin may also be of concern (Monk and Costello 1984; Boulton et al. 1996) as Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in industrial fermentations are auxotrophic for biotin (Kunkee and Amerine 1970; Oura and Suomalainen 1978,1982; Monk 1994), and the vitamin is involved in nitrogen metabolism by the yeast (Oura and Suomalainen 1978). Biotin is required by the enzyme urea carboxylase, which is necessary for the utilization of nitrogen from arginine (Cooper 1982), a key amino acid in grape must (Spayd and Andersen‐Bagge 1996) and storage form of nitrogen for yeast (Whitney et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of nitrogen and biotin interactions on the performance of Saccharomyces in alcoholic fermentations

et al. 2007

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Aim: To study the impact of assimilable nitrogen, biotin and their interaction on growth, fermentation rate and volatile formation by Saccharomyces. Methods and Results: Fermentations of synthetic grape juice media were conducted in a factorial design with yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) (60 or 250 mg l−1) and biotin (0, 1 or 10 μg l−1) as variables. All media contained 240 g l−1 glucose + fructose (1 : 1) and were fermented using biotin‐depleted Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains EC1118 or UCD 522. Both strains exhibited weak growth and sluggish fermentation rates without biotin. Increased nitrogen concentration resulted in higher maximum fermentation rates, while adjusting biotin from 1 to 10 μg l−1 had no effect. Nitrogen × biotin interactions influenced fermentation time, production of higher alcohols and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Maximum H2S production occurred in the medium containing 60 mg l−1 YAN and 1 μg l−1 biotin. Conclusions: Nitrogen × biotin interactions affect fermentation time and volatile production by Saccharomyces depending on strain. Biotin concentrations sufficient to complete fermentation may affect the organoleptic impact of wine. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrates the necessity to consider nutrient interactions when diagnosing problem fermentations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of nitrogen and biotin interactions on the performance of Saccharomyces in alcoholic fermentations

et al. 2007

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“…The only variable in the medium was the yeast extract because it is a complex mixture of mostly nitrogen based organics including amino acids, peptides and vitamins prepared commercially by autolysis of yeast. In particular, Oura and Suomalainen (1982) have pointed out that biotin concentrations varying between 2.5 to 10 pg/L changed the biomass yield factor from 0.063 gDW/g to 0.438 gDW/g in a continuous, aerated fermentor. In particular, Oura and Suomalainen (1982) have pointed out that biotin concentrations varying between 2.5 to 10 pg/L changed the biomass yield factor from 0.063 gDW/g to 0.438 gDW/g in a continuous, aerated fermentor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only variable in the medium was the yeast extract because it is a complex mixture of mostly nitrogen based organics including Bioreactor Number amino acids, peptides and vitamins prepared commercially by autolysis of yeast. Various components of this mixture are known to have a critical effect on the yields of biomass (Andreasen and Stier, 1954;Becker et al, 1973;Oura and Suomalainen, 1982). In particular, Oura and Suomalainen (1982) have pointed out that biotin concentrations varying between 2.5 to 10 pg/L changed the biomass yield factor from 0.063 gDW/g to 0.438 gDW/g in a continuous, aerated fermentor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various components of this mixture are known to have a critical effect on the yields of biomass (Andreasen and Stier, 1954;Becker et al, 1973;Oura and Suomalainen, 1982). In particular, Oura and Suomalainen (1982) have pointed out that biotin concentrations varying between 2.5 to 10 pg/L changed the biomass yield factor from 0.063 gDW/g to 0.438 gDW/g in a continuous, aerated fermentor. It appears, then, that the biotin concentration of the yeast extract must be a sensitive factor for overall biomass yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum CFST bioreactor design: Experimental study using batch growth parameters for saccharomyces cerevisiae producing ethanol

Wall

Hill

1992

Can J Chem Eng

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An optimum CFST bioreactor design equation is presented which can be used with linear growth-associated product inhibition models. Batch experiments were performed to determine Saccharomyces cerevisiue growth parameters required for solving the optimum design equation.The three bioreactors were designed in decreasing volumes to achieve theoretical glucose conversions of 99.9% and 99.99%. At steady state, the bioreactors appeared to reach the theoretical conditions as long as the flowrates were held equal or slightly below the optimum conditions. At very low flowrates, biomass death was observed in downstream reactors while at high flowrates, the theoretical conversions were not achieved. The experimental results confirm that optimally designed bioreactors can offer lower processing volumes to achieve high substrate conversions as compared to single CFST bioreactors.On prisente une Cquation de conception de bioriacteurs CFST pouvant &tre utilisCe avec des modkles d'inhibition de produits associCs croissance IinCaire. Des exptriences discontinues ont CtC menCes pour diterminer les paramktres de croissance de Succharomyces cerevisiae requis pour risoudre I'bquation de conception optimale.On a cony les trois biortacteurs de volume dicroissant afin d'obtenir des conversions theoriques de glucose de 99.9 et 99,99%. En rkgime permanent, les bioreacteurs semblent atteindre !es conditions thioriques tant yue les dCbits denieurent egaux ou ICgerement inferieurs a ceux des conditions optimales. A des dtbits trks faibles, on constate une mortalit6 de la biomasse dans les rCacteurs en aval tandis qu'k de forts dkbits, les conversions thCoriques ne sont pas atteintes. Lcs rksultats expkrimentaux confirment que les bioreacteurs conqus dans des conditions optimales peuvent offrir de plus faibles volumes de traitement pour des conversions de substrats klevees comparativement aux bioreacteurs CFST seuls.

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“…Besides biotin, vitamin B family includes thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), pantothenate (vitamin B5), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), folic acid (vitamin B9), and cobalamin (vitamin B12) consisting important cofactors of metabolisms for nearly all kinds of organisms [ 26 – 30 ]. The contents of all eight vitamin B compounds in the biorefinery process were also recorded and the major vitamin B members maintained at high concentration levels after harsh pretreatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rich biotin content in lignocellulose biomass plays the key role in determining cellulosic glutamic acid accumulation by Corynebacterium glutamicum

Wen

Xiao

Liu

et al. 2018

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundLignocellulose is one of the most promising alternative feedstocks for glutamic acid production as commodity building block chemical, but the efforts by the dominant industrial fermentation strain Corynebacterium glutamicum failed for accumulating glutamic acid using lignocellulose feedstock.ResultsWe identified the existence of surprisingly high biotin concentration in corn stover hydrolysate as the determining factor for the failure of glutamic acid accumulation by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Under excessive biotin content, induction by penicillin resulted in 41.7 ± 0.1 g/L of glutamic acid with the yield of 0.50 g glutamic acid/g glucose. Our further investigation revealed that corn stover contained 353 ± 16 μg of biotin per kg dry solids, approximately one order of magnitude greater than the biotin in corn grain. Most of the biotin remained stable during the biorefining chain and the rich biotin content in corn stover hydrolysate almost completely blocked the glutamic acid accumulation. This rich biotin existence was found to be a common phenomenon in the wide range of lignocellulose biomass and this may be the key reason why the previous studies failed in cellulosic glutamic acid fermentation from lignocellulose biomass. The extended recording of the complete members of all eight vitamin B compounds in lignocellulose biomass further reveals that the major vitamin B members were also under the high concentration levels even after harsh pretreatment.ConclusionsThe high content of biotin in wide range of lignocellulose biomass feedstocks and the corresponding hydrolysates was discovered and it was found to be the key factor in determining the cellulosic glutamic acid accumulation. The highly reserved biotin and the high content of their other vitamin B compounds in biorefining process might act as the potential nutrients to biorefining fermentations. This study creates a new insight that lignocellulose biorefining not only generates inhibitors, but also keeps nutrients for cellulosic fermentations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-018-1132-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Biotin-Active Compounds, Their Existence in Nature and the Biotin Requirements of Yeasts

Cited by 11 publications

References 76 publications

The influence of nitrogen and biotin interactions on the performance of Saccharomyces in alcoholic fermentations

The influence of nitrogen and biotin interactions on the performance of Saccharomyces in alcoholic fermentations

Optimum CFST bioreactor design: Experimental study using batch growth parameters for saccharomyces cerevisiae producing ethanol

Rich biotin content in lignocellulose biomass plays the key role in determining cellulosic glutamic acid accumulation by Corynebacterium glutamicum

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