Biotechnological Approaches for Genetic Improvement of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.)

Abstract. Berhanu R, Feyissa T. 2020. Factors influencing micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis of two cassava varieties, Kello and Qulle. Cell Biol Dev 4: 71-81. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a perennial Euphorbiaceae shrub cultivated in the tropics, Africa, and Asia for its tuberous starchy roots. Lack of good-quality seed, low productivity and profit, virus and insect pests, high heterozygosity, low natural fertility, poor seed set, and seed germination limit its cultivation. The conventional breeding system is ill-equipped to address these issues. Therefore, additional biotechnological solutions are required to address the abovementioned issues. This research aimed to devise a method for obtaining a maximum number of shoots and morphologically sound in vitro materials by micropropagation, as well as to investigate the various parameters related to the micropropagation of the two cassava varieties, 'Kello' and 'Qulle.' The research also contains a somatic embryogenesis technique that is an optimal source of in vitro materials for large-scale multiplication. In this experiment, a Solid MS medium with different salt concentrations, sucrose concentrations, TDZ, a two-step procedure involving pre-soak of nodal explants in a liquid MS medium prior to culture on a solid MS medium, with different pH values, repeated subcultures, and somatic embryo induction on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D alone and in combination with 2 µM CuSO4 were utilized. At a concentration of 0.2 mg/L TDZ, both 'Kello' and 'Qulle' exhibited the highest average number of shoots per explant and improved morphological properties of in vitro material. At a TDZ concentration of 0.2 mg/L, the two-step cultivation strategy produced the greatest mean number of shoots per plant for both kinds. The maximum mean number of shoots per explant was produced by 'Kello' at a medium salt strength of a quarter, but 'Qulle' required a medium salt strength of full. 'Kello' and 'Qulle' produced the greatest average number of shoots per explant at pH values of 5.6 and 6.6, respectively. At 0.15% sucrose, 'Kello' and 'Qulle' attained their highest mean values for all parameters. During somatic embryo induction, treatments with varying doses of 2,4-D generated FEC and somatic embryos, but the somatic embryos failed to progress through the globular stage. The micropropagation property of the two types through sequential subculturing suggested that repeated subculturing causes the in vitro materials to lose their multiplication property.

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“…The same goes for the results of Huetteman and Preece (1993). In addition, Aasim et al (2009) said that TDZ is the most active…”

Section: Shoot Induction Using Solid Ms Medium With Different Concent...supporting

confidence: 52%

Factors influencing micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis of two cassava varieties, Kello and Qulle

BERHANU

Feyissa

2020

Cell Biol Dev

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“…In terms of length, the highest mean shoot length (1.55 ± 0.09 cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l TDZ. Aasim et al [38] showed that the maximum number of shoots was recorded on MS medium containing 0.4 mg/l TDZ with highest shoot length of 1.20 cm. On the other hand, the shortest mean shoot length (0.31 ± 0.02 cm) was produced on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l TDZ in combination with 0.5 mg/l IBA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro propagation of Securidaca longipedunculata (Fresen) from shoot tip: an endangered medicinal plant

Lijalem

Feyissa

2020

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen is an indigenous medicinal plant in Africa that has an important place in both traditional and modern medicine. This plant is endangered because of high seed dormancy, low germination rate, and over exploitation. Therefore, micropropagation method is important to address these problems. The objective of this study is to develop a micropropagation protocol for S. longipedunculata from shoot tip explants. Results Among different Clorox concentrations, seeds sterilized with 10% Clorox for 10 min resulted in 85% decontamination and 80% germination. Among different media used to evaluate the rate of seed germination, seeds that were de-coated and transversally cut at the tip and cultured on basal MS medium resulted in 100% germination. The highest percentage of shoot initiation (87%) was obtained on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest mean shoot number per explant (8.5 ± 0.69) was achieved on MS multiplication medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest mean number of roots per explant (3.73 ± 0.69) was obtained on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l Indole-3-acetic-acid (IAA). Among plantlets transferred to greenhouse, 60% survived after acclimatization. Conclusions This micropropagation protocol can be used for mass propagation of S. longipedunculata that contributes to its conservation and genetic improvement.

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“…In the present study though the shooting response was low in media with BAP and IBA compared to media devoid of IBA but the shoots formed early and they were complete and elongated compared to those formed in BAP. In studies on fenugreek [41,42] reported the positive effects of IBA in the culture media on the shoot length. The addition of IBA to the medium containing BAP was effective in maintaining healthy shoot growth [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Andrographis Paniculata Nees Using Mature Zygotic Embryonic Explants

Mohammed¹

2017

ARTOAJ

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A rapid method for the large-scale propagation of Andrographis paniculata through in vitro culture of embryonic explants has been developed. Adventitious shoot regeneration from embryonic explants was possible in case of cotyledons and root decapitated embryonic axis among all the tested embryonic explants. High frequency of adventitious shoot formation (?) was observed within 30 days from embryonic explants and shoot induction followed either direct regeneration on MS medium supplemented with BAP or indirect adventitious shoot regeneration in TDZ. BAP was more effective than other cytokinins used for direct adventitious shoot induction from both the embryonic explants of A. panicualata with BAP 1.5mg/L producing 73% shooting and 12.3 shoots per explants while study in cotyledons showed best response in BAP 3.0 mg/L with 52% shooting and 9.3 shoots per explants. While TDZ 1.0mg was effective in indirect shoot regeneration among the different concentrations tested with 26% shoot regeneration from embryonic axis with 3.3 shoots and 76% from cotyledons with 6 shoots per explants. Shoots elongated in MS media with GA 0.5mg/L are effectively rooted in half strength MS media with IBA 0.5mg/L and a high percentage of (82.5%) plants were successfully hardened in soil, sand and vermiculite (1:1:1).

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Biotechnological Approaches for Genetic Improvement of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.)

Cited by 6 publications

References 67 publications

Factors influencing micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis of two cassava varieties, Kello and Qulle

Factors influencing micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis of two cassava varieties, Kello and Qulle

In vitro propagation of Securidaca longipedunculata (Fresen) from shoot tip: an endangered medicinal plant

In Vitro Plant Regeneration of Andrographis Paniculata Nees Using Mature Zygotic Embryonic Explants

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