Biosystematic Study on Some Egyptian Species of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)

Abstract

Astragalus L. is one of the largest angiosperm complex genera that belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae or Faboideae under the subtribe Astragalinae of the tribe Galegeae. The current study includes the whole plant morphology, DNA barcode (ITS2), and molecular marker (SCoT). Ten taxa representing four species of Astragalus were collected from different localities in Egypt during the period from February 2018 to May 2019. Morphologically, identification and classification of collected Astragalus plants occurred by utilizing the light microscope, regarding the taxonomic revisions of the reference collected Astragalus specimens in other Egyptian Herbaria. For molecular validation, ten SCoT primers were used in this study, producing a unique banding pattern to differentiate between ten samples of Astragalus taxa which generated 212 DNA fragments with an average of 12.2 bands per 10 Astragalus samples, with 8 to 37 fragments per primer. The 212 fragments amplified were distributed as 2 monomorphic bands, 27 polymorphic without unique bands, 183 unique bands (210 Polymorphic with unique bands), and ITS2 gene sequence was showed as the optimal barcode for identifying Astragalus L. using BLAST searched on NCBI database, and afterward, analyzing the chromatogram for ITS region, 10 samples have been identified as two samples representing A. hauarensis, four samples representing A. sieberi, three samples representing A. spinosus and one sample representing A. vogelii. Based on the ITS barcode, A. hauarensis RMG1, A. hauarensis RMG2, A. sieberi RMG1, A. sieberi RMG2, A. sieberi RMG3, A. sieberi RMG4, A. spinosus RMG1, A. spinosus RMG2, A. spinosus RMG3, A. vogelii RMG were deposited into GenBank with accession # MT367587.1, MT367591.1, MT367593.1, MT367585.1, MT367586.1, MT367588.1, MT160347.1, MT367590.1, MT367589.1, MT367592.1, respectively. These results indicated the efficiency of SCoT markers and ITS2 region in identifying and determining genetic relationships between Astragalus species.

Molecular and metabolic traits of some Egyptian species of Cassia L. and Senna Mill (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae)

“…Vitamin E is a fat-soluble compound that functions as antioxidant in human body system [ 106 ]. 2,4-Di-tert-butyl phenol is a lipophilic phenol produced by various groups of organisms as a common toxic secondary metabolite [ 107 ].…”

In vitro Micropropagation, Biological Activities and Phenolic Profile of Astragalus fruticosus Forssk

“…Scratched and non-scratched seeds were cultivated over Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (4.4 g LG 1 , Duchefa, Germany), with 3% sucrose (Adwick, ARE) either in liquid form or solidified with 0.8% agar (Bioworld, USA), either without any phytohormones or supplemented with different concentrations of phytohormones and Gibberellin A 3 (GA 3 ). Moreover, 6-8 seeds were inoculated into sterile petri-dish with sterile moistened filter paper.…”

“…Medium I: 1 mg LG 1 2, 4-D, Medium II: 0.1 BAP+1 mg LG 1 2, 4-D+0.5 mg LG 1 TDZ, Medium III: 2 mg LG 1 2, 4 D+1 mg LG 1 Kinetin, Medium IV: 0.5 mg LG 1 BAP, Medium V:1 mg LG 1 BAP, Medium VI: 0.5 mg LG 1 TDZ, Medium VII: 1 mg LG 1 Kinetin and Medium VIII: 1 mg LG 1 NAA+0.1 mg LG 1 BAP. PH was adjusted to 5.6-5.8 and jars were maintained in the dark at 25EC.…”

“…Astragalus L. is the largest genus in the family Fabaceae, it has been estimated to include about 2000-3000 species and about 250 taxonomic sections in the world 1,2 . In Egypt, Allam et al.…”

Astragalus oksutdagensis(Fabaceae), a new species from Turkey

“…The genus is represented by 483 taxa in Turkey, and these have been classified into 63 sections (Aytaç et al 2012, (nrDNA) internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) has become widely used for such purposes. There are several studies using ITS regions as molecular evidence to describe new Astragalus species, including some recent studies (Pahlevani et al 2020, Akhavan et al 2020, El-Ghani et al 2021.…”