Biosystematic studies of the red algal genus Eucheuma. I. Electrophoretic variation among Florida populations

Cheney, Donald P.; Babbel, Gareth R.

doi:10.1007/bf00541003

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Lu and Williams 1994Williams and DiFiori, 1996Cheney and Babbel 1978Cheney and Babbel 1978Sosa and Garcia-Reina 1992Sosa and Garcia-Reina 1992Sosa and Garcia-Reina 1993Sosa and Garcia-Reina 1993Sosa et al 1996Intasuwan et al 1993 This study This study This study Cheney and Babbel 1978Fujio et al 1985Fujio et al 1987Miura et al 1979Miura et al 1979 dega Bay was much lower than the diversity of sexually reproducing diploid populations from southern California. Asexual reproduction, including vegetative propagation, has previously been hypothesized to contribute to the low levels of genetic diversity reported for natural populations of Codium frugib spp.…”

Section: Malinowski 1974mentioning

confidence: 82%

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹

Pearson

Murray

1997

Journal of Phycology

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The reproductive composition and genetic diversity of populations of the red seaweed Lithothrix aspergillurn Gray (0. Corallinales) were studied at three southern California sites (Shaw's Cove and Treasure Island, Laguna Beach; Indian Rock, Santa Catalina Island) and at a fourth site (Bodega Bay) located in northern Calijimia. Sexually reproducing populations were conjined to southern California. Diploid individuals were numen'cally dominant over haploid (gametophytic) individuals at all sites. Intertidal and subtidal subpopulations from Shaw ' s Cove dgered in their reproductive profiles. Most intertidal specimens found on emersed surfaces were densely branched, t u r f f m i n g , and bore tetrasporangial (68.6%), carp@ sporangial (11.4 %), or spermatangzal (5.7%) conceptacles, reflecting a sexual l$e histoly; none produced asexual bispores. I n contrast, 74.3 % of the larger} loosely branched subtidal specimens bore lisporangal conceptacles indicative of asexual reproduction. Nearly 70% of the Indian Rock thalli showed no evidence of conceptacle formation. Only asexual, diploid bisporejwoducing thalli we-re o b tained from the Bodega Bay site. Genetic diversity (mean number of alleles per locus, percent ofpolymorphic loci, and average expected heterozygosity) of diploid L. aspergillurn populations varied with life-histo?y characteristics and gep graphic location. A total of 30 alleles was infmed j?om zymograms of I 6 loci examined by starch-gel electrophoresis; of these loci, 11 were polymorphic. The genetic diversity of sexual, diploid populations of L. aspergillurn (alleles per locus was relatively high compared with other red seaweeds. Lowest diversity ( A / L = 1.0; %P = 0.0) occurred in the exclusively asexual Bodega Bay population which consisted of genetic clones. All sexual L. aspergillum populations deviated signijicantly from Hardy-Weinberg expectations due to lower than expected heterozygosity . Genetic d~eren~iation (Wright S &lf211SttC [F'J ; Nei ' s Genetic Distance [D] ) among sexually reproducing southern Calijiiia populations was low (Fs,. = 0.030) on a local scale (cu. 5 km), suggesting high levels Ofgenejlow, but high genetic differention (FST = 0.390 and 0.406) occurred among southern California populations separated by ca. 70 km. V q high genetic d~e r e n t i~t i o n (FS,. = 0.583-0.683) was obtained between n o r t h a and southern California populations separated 4 700-760 km. Our genetic and reproductive data suggest that the L. aspergillum population from Bodega Bay is sustained 4 perennatim, vegetative propagation, or asexual reproduction

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Section: Malinowski 1974mentioning

confidence: 82%

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹

Pearson

Murray

1997

Journal of Phycology

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“…Hariot (Malinowski, 1974, cited in Cheney, 1985 and Enteromorpha linza (L.) J. Ag. (Innes & Yarish, 1984), (3) vegetative reproduction as in the red seaweed Eucheuma (Cheney & Babbel, 1978) and (4) (Nei, 1978) between Gracilaria chilensis populations. (Kodaka & Hara, 1988) and in cultured clones of the diatom Asterionellaformosa Hass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of allozyme variation among New Zealand populations of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracialiares, Rhodophyta) using starch-gel electrophoresis

et al. 1993

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New Zealand populations of Gracilaria chilensis are uniform in anatomical reproductive characteristics but vary morphologically and have been found to separate into two distinct groups with respect to agar methylation level, namely low (24-30 %) and high (43-47 %). To investigate the genetic variation within New Zealand populations of this species, 14 isozyme loci detected by starch-gel electrophoresis were examined in 17 wild populations from a wide range of localities, and in cultures derived from these populations. Five of these loci were polymorphic, but the genetic variation within populations was low: of the 17 populations examined, 15 were fixed at all loci (heterozygosity 0.000) and in the remaining two populations the observed heterozygosity was still low (0.004 and 0.011). The genetic distances between the populations ranged from 0.00 to 0.43. UPGMA cluster analysis separated the populations into two groups, a northern group and a group found throughout the country. Although these two groups do not correlate with the two groups based on agar methylation level at every locality, the correlation is sufficiently striking to merit further investigation.

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“…A systematic study of species of Eucheuma using electrophoretic variation (Cheney & Babbel, 1978) also i n c l u d e d samples from three populations of two of the species (Table 3). Unfortunately, the data presented were pooled results of both haploid and diploid reproductive plants with vegetative plants of u n k n o w n ploidy.…”

Section: Ei Fctrophoretically Detectable Genetic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

Innes

1984

Helgoländer Meeresunters

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Most of the information for genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae is from studies on ecotypic variation. Physiological ecotypes have been described for individuals showing different responses to temperature and salinity conditions. Morphological ecotypes have also been found associated with areas differing in wave exposure or different intertidal positions. Little is known on how genetic variation is organized within and between populations of marine algae. The occurrence of ecotypic variation in some species is evidence for genetic differentiation among populations resulting from selection by the local environment. The rate of dispersal and subsequent gene flow will also affect the level of differentiation among populations. In species with low dispersal, differentiation can arise through chance founder events or random genetic drift. The few studies available have shown that species of algae exhibit a range of dispersal capabilities. This information can be useful for predicting the potential level of genetic differentiation among populations of these species. Crossing experiments with several species of algae have shown that populations separated by a considerable distance can be inteffertile. In some cases individuals from these populations have been found to be morphologically distinct. Crosses have been used to study the genetic basis of this variation and are evidence for genetic differentiation among the populations sampled. Genetic variation of enzyme proteins detected by electrophoresis provides an additional method for measuring genetic variation within and between populations of marine algae. Etectrophoretic methods have previously been used to study systematic problems in algae. However, there have been few attempts to use electrophoretic variation to study the genetic structure of populations of marine algae. This approach is outlined and includes some of the potential problems associated with interpreting electrophoretic data. Studies of electrophoretic variation in natural populations of Enteromorpha linza from Long Island Sound are used as an example. This species was found to reproduce only asexually. Despite a dispersing spore stage, genetic differentiation was found on a microgeographic scale and was correlated with differences in the local environment of some of the populations. Similar studies on other species, and especially sexually reproducing species, will add to a growing understanding of the evolutionary genetics of marine algae.

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Biosystematic studies of the red algal genus Eucheuma. I. Electrophoretic variation among Florida populations

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹

Assessment of allozyme variation among New Zealand populations of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracialiares, Rhodophyta) using starch-gel electrophoresis

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

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Biosystematic studies of the red algal genus Eucheuma. I. Electrophoretic variation among Florida populations

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)1

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)1

Assessment of allozyme variation among New Zealand populations of Gracilaria chilensis (Gracialiares, Rhodophyta) using starch-gel electrophoresis

Genetic differentiation among populations of marine algae

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Product

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PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹

PATTERNS OF REPRODUCTION, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AND GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE GENICULATE CORALLINE ALGA LITHOTHRIX ASPERGILLUM (RHODOPHYTA)¹