Biostimulant activity of silicon in horticulture

Savvas, Dimitrios; Ntatsi, Georgia

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.010

Cited by 218 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(304 reference statements)

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“…In line with the findings described for carbon spectra, this change can be due to the presence of Q3 Si nuclei, whereby the Si-OH group reacted to form a -C-O-Si-bond. weight [37]. When comparing the curves of Figure 5, significant changes are appreciated as a consequence of the surface treatment.…”

Section: Solid-state Nmr Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 95%

Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis confirm the formation of -C-O-Si-covalent bonds between the coating and the cellulosic substrate. The proposed waterglass treatment, which is resistant to washing, seems to be very effective for improving the fire behavior of hemp fabric/epoxy composites, also in combination with ammonium polyphosphate. In particular, the exploitation of hemp surface treatment and Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) addition to epoxy favors a remarkable decrease of the Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Total Smoke Release (TSR) and Specific Extinction Area (SEA) (respectively by 83%, 35%, 45% and 44%) as compared to untreated hemp/epoxy composites, favoring the formation of a very stable char, as also assessed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Because of the low interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and the epoxy matrix, the obtained composites show low strength and stiffness; however, the energy absorbed by the material is higher when using treated hemp. The presence of APP in the epoxy matrix does not affect the mechanical behavior of the composites.

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Section: Solid-state Nmr Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 95%

Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites

et al. 2016

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“…Translocation of toxic ions from root to shoot is also reduced by Si supply (Savvas and Ntatsi, 2015). In rice, Si alleviates NaCl toxicity by blocking the transpirational bypass flow through precipitation as SiO 2 in exodermis and endodermis (Yeo et al, 1999).…”

Section: Si and Abiotic Stress Alleviationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon and Plants: Current Knowledge and Technological Perspectives

et al. 2017

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Elemental silicon (Si), after oxygen, is the second most abundant element in the earth’s crust, which is mainly composed of silicates. Si is not considered essential for plant growth and development, however, increasing evidence in the literature shows that this metalloid is beneficial to plants, especially under stress conditions. Indeed Si alleviates the toxic effects caused by abiotic stresses, e.g., salt stress, drought, heavy metals, to name a few. Biogenic silica is also a deterrent against herbivores. Additionally, Si ameliorates the vigor of plants and improves their resistance to exogenous stresses. The protective role of Si was initially attributed to a physical barrier fortifying the cell wall (e.g., against fungal hyphae penetration), however, several studies have shown that the action of this element on plants is far more complex, as it involves a cross-talk with the cell interior and an effect on plant metabolism. In this study the beneficial role of Si on plants will be discussed, by reviewing the available data in the literature. Emphasis will be given to the protective role of Si during (a)biotic stresses and in this context both priming and the effects of Si on endogenous phytohormones will be discussed. A whole section will be devoted to the use of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles, in the light of the interest that nanotechnology has for agriculture. The paper also discusses the potential technological aspects linked to the use of Si in agriculture and to modify/improve the physical parameters of plant fibers. The study indeed provides perspectives on the use of Si to increase the yield of fiber crops and to improve the thermal stability and tensile strength of natural fibers.

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“…The role of biostimulants, specifically in regard to growth promotion and nutrient availability, has been reviewed (du Jardin [1,[4][5][6]). In addition to numerous general reviews, many categories of specific biostimulants have been extensively reviewed such as protein hydrolysates [7], seaweed extracts [8], silicon [9], chitosan [10], humic and fulvic acids [11], the role of phosphite [12], arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [13], trichoderma [14], plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria [15]. These reviews have focused on plant growth promotion and biotic stress but our intent with this review is to comprehensively address what is known about biostimulants ameliorating the effects of abiotic stress ( Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biostimulants and bioeffectors as alleviators of abiotic stress in crop plants

Oosten

Pepe

Pascale

et al. 2017

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

618

399

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The use of bioeffectors, formally known as plant biostimulants, has become common practice in agriculture and provides a number of benefits in stimulating growth and protecting against stress. A biostimulant is loosely defined as an organic material and/or microorganism that is applied to enhance nutrient uptake, stimulate growth, enhance stress tolerance or crop quality. This review is intended to provide a broad overview of known effects of biostimulants and their ability to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses. Inoculation or application of extracts from algae or other plants have beneficial effects on growth and stress adaptation. Algal extracts, protein hydrolysates, humic and fulvic acids, and other compounded mixtures have properties beyond basic nutrition, often enhancing growth and stress tolerance. Non-pathogenic bacteria capable of colonizing roots and the rhizosphere also have a number of positive effects. These effects include higher yield, enhanced nutrient uptake and utilization, increased photosynthetic activity, and resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. While most biostimulants have numerous and diverse effects on plant growth, this review focuses on the bioprotective effects against abiotic stress. Agricultural biostimulants may contribute to make agriculture more sustainable and resilient and offer an alternative to synthetic protectants which have increasingly falling out of favour with consumers. An extensive review of the literature shows a clear role for a diverse number of biostimulants that have protective effects against abiotic stress but also reveals the urgent need to address the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects.

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Biostimulant activity of silicon in horticulture

Cited by 218 publications

References 150 publications

Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites

Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites

Silicon and Plants: Current Knowledge and Technological Perspectives

The role of biostimulants and bioeffectors as alleviators of abiotic stress in crop plants

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