Biosensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Influenza Virus

Abstract

Influenza viruses continue to threaten human life, causing considerable damage socially and economically. To reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality, there is an immediate requirement to develop efficient and effective tools to detect the virus. Several methods are currently employed for diagnosing influenza infections in humans, including viral culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunoassay. In addition, biosensors are being developed to improve the limitations of the conventional methods. In this article, we review the current progress in investigative techniques, including the development of biosensors having high sensitivity and selectivity and shorter detection time.

Development of peptide biosensor for the detection of dengue fever biomarker, nonstructural 1

“…Considering these circumstances, several groups have developed new biosensor system for dynamic NS1 quantification [1, 11, 18, 19]. Immunosensors using fluorescent nanoparticles [19–23], surface plasmon resonance (SPR) methods [24], DNA-based bioassays [3, 18, 25–27], and electrochemical detection methods [5, 12, 28–30] have been reported recently. For example, electrochemical detection is widely used in the developing of label-free and portable point-of-care biosensors [5, 28, 29].…”

Biosensors for the detection of respiratory viruses: A review

“…Influenza virus is a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, with (-)ssRNA nucleic acid, and the species A and B are the most common associated with human infection and disease [116] . The Influenza virus exhaust path consists of the alteration in the hemagglutinin antigens (1–18) and the neuraminidase (1–11), responsible for the attachment and penetration in the host cell, respectively [117 , 118] . Upon that, it is possible to distinguish the virus A subtypes.…”

“…The majority of biosensor development found in the literature are designed to Influenza virus detection, as attested by the high number of reviews regarding this subject [124] , [125] , [126] , [127] , [128] . Table 2 contains data based on biosensor research directed to Influenza virus detection in the past five years.…”

Laboratory detection methods for the human coronaviruses

“…These biosensors are appropriate candidates for amplification-free detection of viral RNA; since they offer minimum sample requirement, simple operation, inexpensiveness, and ultrasensitive rapid real-time detection [ 108 , 109 ]. In these sensors, biorecognition cues triggered by the hybridization reactions result in assessable impedimetric, potentiometric, chronoamperometric, or voltammetric signals.…”