Bioremediation of diesel-contaminated soil by microorganisms immobilised in polyvinyl alcohol

A Brief History of Polymeric Cryogels

“…The formation mechanisms of PVA cryogels [1,29,[232][233][234][235][236][237] and their applications in various fields have been investigated extensively. These gel materials are used in medicine [1,232,235,[238][239][240][241][242][243][244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251], in biochemistry and biotechnology [1,234,[252][253][254][255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262], in environmental protection [1,263], in construction in the permafrost regions [1,264,265], etc. Such popularity of PVA cryogels is due to the combination of a set of remarkable features they possess, such as excellent physico-mechanical properties, a high thermal endurance compared with other physical hydrogels, a high resistance to abrasive erosion, a macroporosity that ensures good diffusion characteristics, the availability and relatively low cost of PVA itself, and a comparatively simple procedure for the preparation of such cryog...…”

Cryogels for Biotechnological Applications

“…Entrapment of spores were also used when Humicola lutea was immobilized in PVA crosslinked via N,N 0 -methylenebisacrylamide with or without added PEG. It Mixed culture Diesel-contaminated soil PVA-cryogel [33] Basic study Atrazine in water PVA-cryogel [34] Analytical applications Glucose analysis Glucose oxidase Enzyme immobilized in albumin/chitosan gel [22] Pseudomonas putida Detection of phenol Clark electrode used for detection [35] Pseudomonas sp.…”

Bacteriology of Extremely Cold Soils Exposed to Hydrocarbon Pollution

“…Related unsolved problems concern the immobilization of the inoculum and strategies for inoculum application to soils. Immobilization has been analyzed recently in order to extend the permanence in the soil of the inoculated hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and hence to enhance removal of the contaminants (Cunningham et al 2004). However, these studies were carried out at a laboratory scale and not using extremely cold soils.…”