Bioremediation of Aquaculture Effluents

Martínez‐Porchas, Marcel; Córdova, Luis Rafael Martínez; López‐Elías, José Antonio; Porchas‐Cornejo, Marco A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800021-2.00024-8

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Cortisol and glucose are two of the most common stress indicators but due to their high variability, they must be complemented with other stress indicators in order to have a more complete profile about the stress status of any fish (Martinez-Porchas et al, 2009) and its levels are enhanced under adverse situations (Grutter and Pankhurst, 2000). The plasma glucose of the fish increases with increase in stocking density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stocking density on haematological functions of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying crude protein levels

Ajani¹,

Setufe²,

Oyebola³

2015

Afr. J. Food Sci.

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This study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance and some haematological functions of. The fish of each stocking density were fed either a diet containing 40% Crude protein (CP) or 45% CP with a feeding rate of 3% body weight twice daily. The experiment was replicated thrice and it lasted for 12 weeks during which haematological parameters and plasma biochemistry were measured. From this study, haemoglobin (Hb) and Red Blood Cell (RBC) slightly increased in all treatments but the variation was not significant in relation to protein level in the diets. Plasma glucose increased significantly (P<0.05) in relation to the stocking densities. The plasma protein showed insignificant variation in relation to the stocking density but the variation was more pronounced (P<0.05) at the lowest stocking density as the protein level in the diets varied. It can be concluded that enhancing feed quality especially protein level in the fish diet may ensure faster growth, stress reduction and improve health status of the fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stocking density on haematological functions of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying crude protein levels

Ajani¹,

Setufe²,

Oyebola³

2015

Afr. J. Food Sci.

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“…However, it is necessary to consider that stress has a multifactorial impact on an organism and changes in blood glucose concentrations can be influenced by many different ways. As mentioned above, utilization of glucose in fish varies between species so using it as an indicator of stress should be only supplementary (Martínez-Porchas et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under stressful conditions, an organism uses energy reserves, mostly glycogen in the muscles and liver which in turn increases glucose concentration in plasma (Barton et al 1987). Higher concentration of plasma glucose due to stress conditions appears minutes or hours after acute stress (Martínez-Porchas et al 2009). Stress exposure affects many different physiological and immunological indices in fish, thus the stress level needs to be recorded and considered in every experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose determination in fish plasma by two different moderate methods

2016

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Teleost fish include many different species, having a large economic and environmental impact. Glucose is a key source of energy for most vertebrate organisms. Fish as well as mammals maintain a specific level of blood sugar -glycaemia, which is influenced by multiple factors such as hormone production, diet, and temperature. Therefore, it is a useful indicator for scientists who need to check the immediate state of an organism. The most frequently used method of measuring glycaemia in farmed fish is spectrophotometry; however, this method is often inconvenient for field experiments. Here we report that basic spectrophotometry using oxidation of blood beta D-glucose by glucose oxidase (used in laboratory conditions) can be easily substituted with portable glucometer measurements, primarily designed for human samples. The possibility of use outside the laboratory and its small sample volume demands make this method very useful. Field studies often require fast sample processing and conditions of measurement are limited. Using the glucometer is a simple and elegant option. We tested 74 blood plasma samples (29 males, 45 females) of tench (Tinca tinca) both spectrophotometrically and using the human glucometer. Our results show a significant linear correlation (P < 0.001) between both methods. The main contribution of this study consists in comparability and interchangeability of results obtained from both presented methods.

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“…Healthy Nile tilapia of Lake Victoria were obtained from the fish rearing facility of the Department of Zoology, Maseno University. ey were first acclimatised to the laboratory conditions (temperature, dissolved oxygen, water quality, water pH, nutritional status, photoperiod, size, weight, colour, and shape of experimental aquaria) and progenesis (i.e., fish obtained from the same place) as reported in [13,26,28]. e fish were then reared under natural environmental conditions (natural photoperiod 12L :12D, tropical temperature, and standard water quality) by the seining technique [29].…”

Section: Fish and Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol is released in response to chronic stressors. Elevated plasma cortisol [19,26] and glucose levels [16,21,26,27] are used as indicators of stress. is study investigated the effect of high stocking density-induced stress on the concentration of cortisol and whole blood glucose in Oreochromis niloticus of Lake Victoria under culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stocking Density Induced Stress on Plasma Cortisol and Whole Blood Glucose Concentration in Nile Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) of Lake Victoria, Kenya

Odhiambo

Ang’ienda

Okoth

et al. 2020

International Journal of Zoology

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Effects of high stocking densities (HSDs) were evaluated for Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) under culture to determine its influence on plasma cortisol and whole blood glucose concentration. Plasma cortisol levels (ng/ml) were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Whole blood glucose levels were determined using a hand-held one touch ultraglucose meter (MD-300) and test strips. Plasma cortisol and whole blood glucose level determinations were replicated three times for O. niloticus reared under both low stocking densities (LSD) and HSD. One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed on the data collected, and comparison of significant differences in means was carried out between LSD and HSD at 0.01%. Plasma cortisol levels revealed statistically (P≤0.01) significant values of HSD at 6.32 ± 1.06 ng/ml than in LSD at 4.62 ± 1.58 ng/ml for the O. niloticus groups studied. Whole blood glucose analysis revealed a statistical (P<0.05) difference in the means in HSD and LSD O. niloticus groups (F(df,1; 8) = 7.946 > Fcrit = 4.414; P=0.01). Mean plasma glucose concentration was statistically (P≤0.01) higher for HSD than LSD O. niloticus groups at mean ± SD, 96.84 ± 5.28 and 76.82 ± 5.92, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrate that high stocking densities increase both cortisol and whole blood glucose concentration in tilapia fish, indicating a marked increase in stress levels. Elevated plasma cortisol and whole blood glucose concentration can be used as biomarkers for acute stress in O. niloticus produced under aquaculture systems. The findings of this study can help inform policy on the management of stress caused by overstocking of O. niloticus and other related Cichlids under industrial aquaculture production.

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Bioremediation of Aquaculture Effluents

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of stocking density on haematological functions of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying crude protein levels

Effects of stocking density on haematological functions of juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying crude protein levels

Glucose determination in fish plasma by two different moderate methods

Stocking Density Induced Stress on Plasma Cortisol and Whole Blood Glucose Concentration in Nile Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) of Lake Victoria, Kenya

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