Bioremediation and reuse of shrimp aquaculture effluents to farm whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei : a first approach

Abstract

Shrimp aquaculture e¥uents were bioremediated in a two-phase system (System A) using the black clam Chione £uctifraga and the benthic microalgae Navicula sp., and then reused to farm whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. In the experimental design, Systems B and C had an identical structure as System A, but no clams or microalgae were added. System B received the same shrimp e¥uents while System C received only estuarine water. Shrimp raw e¥uents had a poor water quality. System A improved the water quality by decreasing the concentrations of total nitrogen, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, total suspended solids (TSS) and organic suspended solids (OSS). System B also decreased the concentration of TAN, TSS and OSS via sedimentation, but the e¡ect was less pronounced than that observed in System A. Shrimp reared in the bioremediated e¥uents (System A) had better production (3166 kg ha À 1 ) and higher survival (89.2%) than those reared in e¥uents from Systems B (2610 kg ha À 1 ,75.1%) and C (2874 kg ha À 1 ,82.1%). It is concluded that the bioremediation system was moderately e⁄cient and the bioremediated e¥uents were suitable to farm L. vannamei.

Efecto del fotoperiodo y la razon camaron:macroalga en la remoción de nitrogeno amoniacal total por Gracilaria vermiculophylla, en cultivo con Litopenaeus vannamei, sin recambio de agua

“…La tasa de crecimiento del camarón obtenida en este trabajo fue del 3,8% día -1 , similar a la obtenida por Anaya-Rosas & Bückle-Ramírez (2012) de 3,7% día -1 , en un cultivo intensivo en sistema de recirculación de agua y fue mayor a la reportada por Martínez-Córdova et al (2010) para un cultivo multitrófico experimental con camarón L. vannamei, almeja Chione fluctifraga y la microalga Navicula sp. Lezama-Cervantes et al (2010) evaluaron el uso de tapetes microbianos como biofiltro en un cultivo de camarón con recirculación de agua y concluyeron que el uso de agua biorremediada tuvo un efecto positivo en el crecimiento y en la sobrevivencia de L. vannamei.…”

Enhancing Ecoefficiency in Shrimp Farming through Interconnected Ponds

“…In Northwest Mexico, semi-intensive systems have shown a broad range [ 38 ] and obtained an average of 45 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with 7% daily water exchange; Casillas-Hernández et al [ 9 ] obtained 62–71 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with daily turnover of 11%; Miranda et al [ 13 ] reported values of 101–105 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with a turnover of 13% day −1 . Studies in shrimp cultures with low water exchange in Mexico have reported rates of 9 to 17 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with 3–5% daily turnover [ 19 ], 17 to 38 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with 5% daily turnover in 140-day cycles [ 15 ], and 17 to 21 m 3 kg −1 cycle −1 with 5% daily turnover in of 120-day cycles [ 37 ].…”

“…High turnover rate allows for some water quality variables to be well regulated in terms of water quality; it nevertheless represents a massive waste of potentially useful nutrients and organic matter. Martínez-Córdova et al [ 15 ] demonstrated experimentally that it is possible to reuse the effluent of semi-intensive ponds to grow bivalves, benthic diatoms, and whiteleg shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) in a multitrophic system. Nevertheless, this practice requires validation for use on a commercial scale because the effects on water quality and productive performance of shrimp, as well as N recycling and discharge, are unknown.…”

Larval and post-larval growth, spat production and off-bottom cultivation of the smooth venus clam Chionista fluctifraga

“…Grow‐out techniques for farming C. fluctifraga have not been developed. Management experiments with this clam included collection of adult clams (30–35 mm height) and cultivation on the bottom of shrimp ponds was done to evaluate: (i) feasibility of polycultivation with whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Martínez‐Córdova & Martínez‐Porchas ), and (ii) bioremediation of shrimp pond effluent (Martínez‐Córdova, López Elías, Martínez‐Porchas, Bernal‐Jaspeado & Miranda Baeza ; Martínez‐Córdova, López‐Elías, Leyva‐Miranda, Armenta‐Ayon & Martínez‐Porchas ). Juvenile clams (20 mm height) collected from mudflats were cultivated in floating trays during winter in shrimp ponds (Martínez‐Córdova, Enríquez‐Ocaña, López‐Rascón, López‐Elías & Martínez‐Porchas ).…”