Biorefining of Aucoumea klaineana wood: Impact of steam explosion on the composition and ultrastructure the cell wall

Effect of combined treatments for the Extraction of tropical hardwood polymeric hemicelluloses

“…3D) suggests a migration of lignin at the lumen surface of the bers. This is also well described in the literature (Besserer et al, 2022). These observations are due to lignin dissolution in basic conditions and are in accordance with the observation by optical microscopy after staining (Fig.…”

“…A pink staining of the wood tissues indicated a low accessibility of the astra blue dye to the cellulose due to the lignin occurrence in the cell wall. A cell shape alteration with a reduction in sphericity was observed after SE as previously described by (Besserer et al, 2022) in Okoumé wood. Moreover, cell wall of the pretreated sample differed strongly in their staining.…”

Replacing Plastic with Bamboo: Eco-Friendly Disposable Tableware Based on the Separation of Bamboo Fibers and the Reconstruction of Their Network Structure

“…The FT-IR spectra showed that the −OH peak after steam explosion shifted from 3423 to 3421 cm –1 (toward a more stable direction), while about 2% of the free radicals were converted into hydrogen bonds (Figure S8). − In addition, the steam-exploded BFs displayed a rightward shift of 0.32° for the 200 peak, as determined by using a one-dimensional wide-angle measurement (Figure l). Based on the Bragg formula (eq ), the average distance between the crystal planes was reduced by 0.029 Å.…”

“…The unit cell had adjacent base rings organized at a distance of 0.25 nm in the a -axis direction, which can form hydrogen bonds. This is in contrast to a distance of 0.31 nm in the far c -axis direction, which can only form van der Waals forces: , where d is the distance of the crystal plane, θ is the angle between the incident light and the crystal plane, λ is the X-ray wavelength of the heat radiation, and k is any positive integer.…”

“…The unit cell had adjacent base rings organized at a distance of 0.25 nm in the a-axis direction, which can form hydrogen bonds. This is in contrast to a distance of 0.31 nm in the far c-axis direction, which can only form van der Waals forces: 38,39…”