Bioplastics for Food Packaging: Environmental Impact, Trends and Regulatory Aspects

Cruz, Rui M.S.; Krauter, Victoria; Krauter, Simon; Agriopoulou, Sofia; Weinrich, Ramona; Herbes, Carsten; Scholten, Philip; Ünalan, İlke Uysal; Söğüt, Ece; Kopacic, Samir; Lahti, Johanna; Rutkaitė, Ramunė; Varzakas, Theodoros

doi:10.3390/foods11193087

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 258 publications

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“…The use of polylactic acid in the preparation of the composite, in the absence of the plasticizer, would not allow an efficient homogenization of the components, the role of the plasticizer being, in the first instance, to reduce the viscosity of PLA for a good homogenization. For this reason, all the articles dealing with the synthesis of PLA-based composites use a plasticizer at a concentration close to that in this paper [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contamination of the materials with food waste makes these materials unsuitable for recycling. This is the reason why, in the last few years, new materials with a smaller impact on the environment, being biodegradable and bioassimilable, tend to replace conventional materials in the food industry [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioplastics used for food packaging are more expensive than traditional materials based on polyolefins, such as Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), resulting in the necessity of the conception, and testing of new materials which fulfill all the criteria imposed for materials in contact with food products [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Poly (Lactic Acid)/Copper Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Materials

et al. 2023

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Composites based on polylactic acid (PLA) and copper for food packaging applications were obtained. Copper clusters were synthesized in polyethylene glycols 400 and 600, respectively, using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, by reactive milling. Copper clusters were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. Copper/PLA composites containing Proviplast as plasticizer were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, mechanical tests, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), absorption of the saline solution, contact angle, and antibacterial properties. It was observed that the concentration of Copper/PEG influenced the investigated properties. The mechanical properties of the samples decreased with the increasing of Copper/PEG concentration. We recorded the phase transformation temperatures and identified the exothermic or endothermic processes. The lowest absorption values were recorded in the case of the sample containing 1% Cu. The contact angle decreases with the increase in the concentration of the PEG 600-Cu mixture in the recipes. The increase in the content of Cu clusters favors the decrease in the temperature, taking place 15% wt mass losses. The obtained composites showed antibacterial properties for all tested strains. These materials could be used as alternative materials for obtaining biodegradable food packaging.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Poly (Lactic Acid)/Copper Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Materials

et al. 2023

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“…A sustainable and cost‐efficient approach is to add cellulose/nanocellulose to the biopolymers (Cruz et al ., 2022; Punia Bangar et al ., 2022b). In its native form, cellulose is often found in a lignin and hemicellulose matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterisation of cellulose nanocrystals from kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata): a sustainable packaging material

Punia

Love

Whiteside

et al. 2023

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryFlexible packaging has become indispensable in the food industry due to its numerous advantages. However, it has certain drawbacks, such as limited recyclability and environmental contamination. While efforts are underway to develop more sustainable and eco‐friendly packaging options, the food industry's reliance on flexible packaging made from unsustainable petro‐based plastics is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. Therefore, more sustainable alternatives that do not sacrifice performance are required. One such option is to use nanocellulose, especially cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which can be reinforced into biopolymer to enhance mechanical and barrier properties. The present study aims to isolate kudzu CNCs by depolymerisation, bleaching, acid hydrolysis with 51% sulfuric acid, and mechanical dispersion. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted to assess the thermal stability of kudzu fibres. Further, the FTIR spectra were measured at wave number ranged 4000–500 cm−1, which showed changes in the structure after treatments and confirmed the removal of lignin and hemicellulose from the cellulose. The isolated CNCs were found to have lengths and diameters of 285.01 ± 150.33 nm and 42.78 ± 13.26 nm, respectively, with an aspect ratio of 6.43 ± 1.78. This study showed that kudzu CNCs are a suitable reinforcing material for nanocomposites.

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“…The synthetic thermoplastic polymers (nylon, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP)) made from petroleum resources have often been employed in the plastic industries in the last century. These polymers, however, are difficult to break down in the natural environment, which causes a variety of environmental contamination in the eco-system, [3]. Additionally, plastic wastes are an unwanted pollutant in the ocean, rivers, and soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Behavior of Coated Bio-Polymers

Marguta¹,

Nedelcu²,

Mazurchevici³

2022

IJMMT

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Thermal behavior in plastic materials has a strong influence on their performance. In the current research, scientists are using different equipment that highlights the calorimetric behavior of parts by the identification and localization of transitions and exothermic/endothermic reactions that take place during material heating. The paper aims to characterize from a thermal point of view a lignin-based polymer (Arboblend V2 Nature) coated with three distinct micro-ceramic powders: two based on chrome oxide - Cr2O3, Cr2O3 -xSiO2 -yTiO2 (commercial name Amdry 6420 and Metco 136F) and one based on zirconium oxide - ZrO2 18TiO2 10Y2O3 (commercially known as Metco 143). The samples to be covered were obtained by injection in the mold and the coating technique used was a thermal – APS (Atmospheric Plasma Spray). After thermal analysis, all three coated samples reviled thermal stability up to 230°C, the degradation of the lignin matrix taking place around 345°C. Thus, based on this important data the recommendation to be used in practical applications can be made. So, the Arbobelnd V2 Nature bio-polymer coated with ceramic micro-particles works in normal working parameters for temperatures not exceeding 200°C. The paper also highlights in the beginning part the systemic analysis of the coating process in order to underline the factors that significantly influence the output parameters as: structure, morphology, mechanical, tribological, and thermal behavior.

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Bioplastics for Food Packaging: Environmental Impact, Trends and Regulatory Aspects

Cited by 55 publications

References 258 publications

Antimicrobial Poly (Lactic Acid)/Copper Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Materials

Antimicrobial Poly (Lactic Acid)/Copper Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Materials

Isolation and characterisation of cellulose nanocrystals from kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata): a sustainable packaging material

Thermal Behavior of Coated Bio-Polymers

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