Bionomics of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the province of Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia

Doha, Said Abdallah; Samy, Abdallah M.

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762010000700002

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…This may possibly because of vectors biology and its activity in these moths of the year. The sand fly survive at temperatures 16-44 C, therefore they are mostly found between the months of May to November [13,14]. The frequency of the parasite was higher (52.2%) in environs than in the city center 47.4 %, this was agreed with [5].…”

Section: Obaid and Shareefsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In contrast the CL was found infecting all ages, this will possibly increase its prevalence, in addition to that the vector of this type can live indoors which may amplify the exposer ratio. Certain species, like Phlebotomus bergeroti, P. papatasi, and P. arabicus, prefer indoor habitats, while others, like P. alexandri, are found in outside environment [14,15]. Worldwide, it was estimated about 13 million people annually to be infected with CL with an expected increasing rate of 1.2 million [16].…”

Section: Obaid and Shareefmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and clinical study of leishmaniasis in Kirkuk city, Iraq

Obaid

Shareef

2018

ijs

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leishmaniasis is a disease of global concern, Leishmania types and distribution rates vary from country to another. For visceral leishmaniasis serum samples were examined by the kala-azar dipstick rapid test. Meanwhile smears were taken from lesions, air dried, fixed and Leishman stained then microscopically examined for amstigote stage in cutaneous leishmaniasis. From April 2014 to April 2015, 150 samples for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and 108 serum sample for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) from in and out patients in Pediatric, Azadi Teaching and Kirkuk General Hospitals were examined. The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis was very low (2.7%) comparing to that in cutaneous leishmaniasis (64.6%). No significant differences had appeared between the cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence in male or female. The most age group infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis in both genders was 5 ≤ years old, with rate of 26.1% in male and a rate of 15.8% in female. Significantly high frequency of the patients were presented with only one or two lesions with rate of 39.17, 25.7 % for each type of lesions respectively. The most location that infected with CL was hand (27.7%) and high rate of them being moist type (71.13%). In Kirkuk city CL is more prevalent than VL. High rate of CL is moist type locating in the limbs and face. The infection is more frequent in children than in adult. For CL a smear taken from the lesion is much worthy than a lesion blood sample or re aspirated saline injected to the lesion.

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Section: Obaid and Shareefsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Obaid and Shareefmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and clinical study of leishmaniasis in Kirkuk city, Iraq

Obaid

Shareef

2018

ijs

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“…Phlebotomus orientalis is a member of the subgenus Larroussius and represents the main sand fly species transmitting Leishmania donovani within the countries of East Africa (reviewed in [20]) as well as in Saudi Arabia [21] and Yemen [22]. At two distinct localities in Ethiopia, Addis Zemen and Melka Werer, we observed different epidemiology of VL, although P. orientalis was present in both places.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparative Analysis of Salivary Gland Transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Endemic and Non-endemic Foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn East Africa, Phlebotomus orientalis serves as the main vector of Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Phlebotomus orientalis is present at two distant localities in Ethiopia; Addis Zemen where VL is endemic and Melka Werer where transmission of VL does not occur. To find out whether the difference in epidemiology of VL is due to distant compositions of P. orientalis saliva we established colonies from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer, analyzed and compared the transcriptomes, proteomes and enzymatic activity of the salivary glands.Methodology/Principal FindingsTwo cDNA libraries were constructed from the female salivary glands of P. orientalis from Addis Zemen and Melka Werer. Clones of each P. orientalis library were randomly selected, sequenced and analyzed. In P. orientalis transcriptomes, we identified members of 13 main protein families. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignments were performed to evaluate differences between the P. orientalis colonies and to show the relationship with other sand fly species from the subgenus Larroussius. To further compare both colonies, we investigated the humoral antigenicity and cross-reactivity of the salivary proteins and the activity of salivary apyrase and hyaluronidase.ConclusionsThis is the first report of the salivary components of P. orientalis, an important vector sand fly. Our study expanded the knowledge of salivary gland compounds of sand fly species in the subgenus Larroussius. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, we showed that P. orientalis is closely related to Phlebotomus tobbi and Phlebotomus perniciosus, whereas Phlebotomus ariasi is evolutionarily more distinct species. We also demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the transcriptomes, proteomes or enzymatic properties of the salivary components of Addis Zemen (endemic area) and Melka Werer (non-endemic area) P. orientalis colonies. Thus, the different epidemiology of VL in these Ethiopian foci cannot be attributed to the salivary gland composition.

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“…Overall, while P. papatasi , P. perfiliewi transcaucasicus , P. kandelakii , P. halepensis, P. (Adlerius) sp., S. sintoni , and S. dentata were collected from all counties and altitudes, other species were restricted to some sampled localities. Doha and Samy (2010) studied the bionomics of Phlebotomine sand flies in Saudi Arabia. They reported high species richness and diversity at altitudes between 800–1,200 m. They also reported P. papatasi , P. bergeroti , and P. arabicus as the most abundant species both indoors and outdoors and that P. papatasi was found at all altitudes with maximum abundance between 800–1,200 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) distribution in the endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis in northwestern Iran

Akhoundi¹,

Mirzaei²,

Baghaei³

et al. 2013

Journal of Vector Ecology

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An entomological study was conducted from June to September, 2010 in rural regions of Azarbayjan-e-sharqi, Azarbayjan-eqarbi, and Ardabil provinces in northwestern Iran to determine sand fly fauna, diversity, and distribution in different habitats and altitudes using both sticky papers and light traps. Geographical distribution of sand flies and the similarity of populations in different locations were analyzed ecologically based on the Shannon-Wiener Index and Jacard Coefficient, respectively. A total of 3,982 specimens was collected and sixteen species recorded. They belonged to the genera Phlebotomus [subgenus Phlebotomus (P. papatasi), Paraphlebotomus (P. sergenti, P. mongolensis, P. caucasicus, P. jacusieli), Larroussius (P. major s.l., P. tobbi, P. perfiliewi transcaucasicus, P. kandelakii) and Adlerius (P. halepensis, P. brevis, P. longiductus, P. balcanicus)], and Sergentomyia [subgenus Sergentomyia (S. sintoni, S.dentata and S. theodori)]. P. papatasi was the predominant species in all the locations except Bileh Savar, Macu, and Meshkin Shahr, followed by P. perfiliewi transcaucasicus and P. kandelakii. The latter species were caught from different habitats and altitudes with higher frequency than other species of the subgenus Larroussius.The lowest abundance belonged to P. jacusieli. The predominant species of subgenus Adlerius was P. halepensis. Data analysis showed that Meshkin Shahr and Bileh Savar had high and low diversities of sand fly distribution, respectively. Meshkin Shahr and Sarab districts had the highest similarity. Both are located in the foothills of Sabalan Mountain, with high diversity and richness. Journal of Vector Ecology 38 (1): 97-104. 2013.

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Bionomics of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the province of Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Epidemiological and clinical study of leishmaniasis in Kirkuk city, Iraq

Epidemiological and clinical study of leishmaniasis in Kirkuk city, Iraq

Comparative Analysis of Salivary Gland Transcriptomes of Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Endemic and Non-endemic Foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) distribution in the endemic and non-endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis in northwestern Iran

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