Biomonitoring of diesel exhaust-exposed workers. DNA and hemoglobin adducts and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as markers of exposure

Ps, Nielsen; Andreassen, Åshild; Pb, Farmer; Øvrebø, Steinar; Autrup, Herman

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(96)83963-4

Cited by 82 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We have previously reported a lack of association between DNA adducts and urinary 1-HOP in garage workers exposed to automobile exhaust (38), but the adduct level correlated with urinary 1-HOP in foundry workers (31). Similarly, as in our observation for DNA adducts, we did not observe any correlation between urinary 1-HOP and the PAH-albumin adduct level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Biomarkers for exposure to ambient air pollution--comparison of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels with other exposure markers and markers for oxidative stress.

Autrup

Daneshvar

Dragsted

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

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Human exposure to genotoxic compounds present in ambient air has been sdied using selected biomarkers in nonsmoking Danish bus drivers and pol workers. A li n variadion in biomarker levels was observed. Significantly higher levels of bulky carcinogen-DNA adducts (75.42 adducts/108 nucleotides) and of 2-amino-apidic semialdehyde (AAS) in plasma proteins (56.7 pmollmg protein) were observed in bus drivers working in the central part of Copenhagen, Denmark In contrast, significantly higher levels of AAS in hemoglobin (55,8 pmollmg protn), malondialdeh in plasma (0.96 nol/m plasma) nd polycic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-albumin adduct (3.38 finol/pg lbumin) were observed in the suburban group. The biomarker levels in postal workers were similar to the levels in suburban bus drivers. In the combined group of bus drivers and postal workers, negative corlations were observed between bulky carcinogen-DNA adduct and PAH-albumin levels (p -0.005), and between DNA adduct and .y-glutamyl semialdhyde (GGS)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Biomarkers for exposure to ambient air pollution--comparison of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels with other exposure markers and markers for oxidative stress.

Autrup

Daneshvar

Dragsted

et al. 1999

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Diesel exhaust particulates (DEPs), in particular, induce lung tumors in animals [McClellan, 1987;Ichinose et al, 1997] and have been classified as a group 2A carcinogen (probably carcinogenic to humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [1989]. Workers occupationally exposed to diesel exhaust demonstrate both increased levels of DNA adducts and biomarkers of oxidative stress [Hemminki et al, 1994;Nielsen et al, 1996;Autrup et al, 1999]. For example, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) levels excreted into urine as products of the repair of oxida-tive DNA damage are higher in urban bus drivers exposed to DEP compared to controls .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of size-fractionated samples of urban particulate matter

Healey

Lingard

Tomlin

et al. 2005

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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Urban particulate matter (UPM) includes particles of size smaller than 10 microm (PM10), which may impact on human respiratory and cardiovascular health. It has been reported previously that PM10 can induce DNA damage. We have collected size-fractionated PM10 at the roadside and measured the induction of DNA damage by different-sized UPM using the alkaline Comet assay and the plasmid strand-break assay. We found that foil disks were more suitable for collecting UPM than quartz fiber filters, as the UPM could be easily extracted from the foil disks and accurately weighed. Using the Comet assay, all size fractions induced DNA damage in A549 lung epithelial cells, with the finer fractions (D50% = 0.65 microm and lower) inducing the most damage. In the plasmid strand-break assay, in which DNA damage is induced by free-radical species generated in solution, the most damage was also induced by the finer fractions, although the finest fraction (D50% < 0.43 microm) did not induce as much damage as D50% = 0.65 and 0.43 microm. When an organic extract of a standard UPM sample was compared to the whole particles and the washed particles in the Comet assay, it was found that around 75% of the damage induced by the whole UPM could be induced by the organic extract. These results show that finer particulates have the greatest ability to induce DNA damage in lung epithelial cells and naked DNA, and that both organic and inorganic components of the UPM contribute to its genotoxic effects.

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“…Tornqvist et al (15) demonstrated in rats and hamsters that exposure to automotive engine exhausts resulted in a doserelated increase of HEV in globin. In a recent study, we have demonstrated that bus garage workers and mechanics exposed to exhaust fumes have a higher HEV adduct level in globin (33.3 pmol/g globin) than a control population (22.1 pmol/g globin) (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In inhalation experiments with EO in rats and mice, it has been shown that adducts of this epoxide are also formed with amino acids in hemoglobin, including the N-terminal amino acid valine that yields N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine (HEV) (Figure 1) (16) amount of EO) in the smoke. We have also demonstrated that HEV levels are enhanced in the globin of babies of smoking mothers compared to those of nonsmoking mothers, illustrating that there is transplacental transfer of the alkylating species or its metabolic precursor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Human Exposure to 2-Hydroxyethylating Carcinogens

Farmer¹,

Cordero²,

Autrup³

1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

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It is known that human hemoglobin contains low levels of N-terminal N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine. Possible sources of this modified amino acid are exposure to ethylene oxide or other 2-hydroxyethylating agents. Although such processes are likely to occur endogenously, the exogenous contribution to the adduct formation is unclear. In order to explore the latter, we have analyzed N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine in the globin of 49 pregnant women and evaluated the effect of smoking status, area of residence, and glutathione S-transferase Ml genotype on adduct levels. Transplacental transfer of hydroxyethylating agents was also studied by the analysis of umbilical cord hemoglobin. The adduct levels in smokers were significantly higher than those in nonsmokers. The adduct levels in umbilical cord blood globin were quantitatively related to those in maternal blood (maternal:fetal ratio 2.7 in smokers and 2.8 in nonsmokers). In the nonsmokers, there was no statistically significant difference in the adduct level between the urban and rural areas, but the level in suburbia tended to be lower than that in the rural area. In the combined smoker and nonsmoker groups, there was no effect of the glutathione S-transferase Ml genotype on levels of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine. Environ Health Perspect 1 04(Suppl 3): 449-452 (1996)

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Biomonitoring of diesel exhaust-exposed workers. DNA and hemoglobin adducts and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as markers of exposure

Cited by 82 publications

References 42 publications

Biomarkers for exposure to ambient air pollution--comparison of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels with other exposure markers and markers for oxidative stress.

Biomarkers for exposure to ambient air pollution--comparison of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels with other exposure markers and markers for oxidative stress.

Genotoxicity of size-fractionated samples of urban particulate matter

Monitoring Human Exposure to 2-Hydroxyethylating Carcinogens

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