“…Printed models serve as a basis for describing and evaluating the replicated anatomical structures of a real specimen. However, although several studies demonstrate the importance of the use of 3D models, whether for surgical planning (Burzyńska et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2018;Mukherjee et al, 2017;Oxley, 2018;Silva & Gamarra-Rosado, 2014) or teaching (Dorbandt et al, 2017;Schoenfeld-Tacher et al, 2017;Suñol et al, 2019) the efficacy of this tool in veterinary medical practice still requires validation in future studies.…”