Biomimetic Aggregation‐Induced Emission Nanodots with Hitchhiking Function for T Cell‐Mediated Cancer Targeting and NIR‐II Fluorescence‐Guided Mild‐Temperature Photothermal Therapy (Adv. Funct. Mater. 45/2022)

Theranostic Nanoprobes with Aggregation‐Induced NIR‐II Emission: from Molecular Design to Biomedical Application

“…In addition, the surface of NPs can be bioconjugated or chemically modified with some other functional groups to improve the targeting capability to tumors or other lesion locations (Figure 7A). [21,74] Moreover, recently developed automated millifluidic systems have realized large‐scale production of NPs (up to 200 g day −1 ) with uniform size and morphology based on NIR‐II‐emissive AIEgens, clearing a major obstacle for the clinical conversion and commercialization NIR‐II‐emissive AIEgens based NPs [72,75] . Another approach is chemically modifying the molecules with hydrophilic or amphiphilic chains to make the whole molecule amphiphilic for self‐assembly (Figure 7A).…”

“…Recently, Protein, [78] cell membrane, [21,74,79] and liposomes [80] have also been developed to be used as natural packaging matrices for NPs preparation, usually in physical encapsulation, sometimes in chemical modification (Figure 7B and C). [80,81] These natural matrices can enhance the biosafety of obtained NPs.…”

“…Therefore, several recent works also focused on the inhibition of HSPs for improving the efficacy of image‐guided PTT. For example, Gong and co‐workers coated DC membranes onto OTPA ‐ BBT (Figure 3) NPs, which enabled OTPA ‐ BBT NPs to activate T cells for cytokines secretion and subsequent inhibition of HSPs in tumor cells [21] . In their another work, an amphipathic matrix with CO‐release capacity when meeting H 2 O 2 (overexpressed in tumor site) was designed to encapsulate PBPTV (Figure 9) with a high PCE of 38.1 % to form NPs, which can release CO in the tumor microenvironment for HSPs inhibition [20] .…”

“…Moreover, by being modified with functional groups, NPs can demonstrate special targeting capability with low biotoxicity. Some precise design could further endow the obtained NPs with special synergistic treatment [20–22] and fast metabolism capabilities [23] …”

Engineered photoresponsive biohybrids for tumor therapy

“…More recently, cell membranes have been employed as effective design strategies for biomimetic photoresponsive materials in tumor phototherapy 6,64,67–69,123–130 . For example, Ding et al.…”