Biomethanation of plant materials

Kalia, Vipin Chandra; Kumar, Ashok; Jain, Sweta; Joshi, Akshay

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(92)90003-g

Cited by 47 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A two‐stage approach has previously been used in the anaerobic digestion of agro‐industrial wastes (Verrier et al. 1987; Kalia et al. 1992; Weiland 1993; Mtz‐Viturtia et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis and microbial community analyses in two-stage anaerobic digestion of energy crops

et al. 2007

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Aims: The roles of the diverse populations of micro‐organisms responsible for biodegradation of organic matter to form methane and carbon dioxide are rudimentarily understood. To expand the knowledge on links between microbial communities and the rate limiting, hydrolytic stage of two‐stage biogas production from energy crops, this study was performed. Methods and Results: The process performance and microbial communities (as determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization) in two separate two‐stage batch digestions of sugar beets and grass/clover were studied. The microbial populations developed in the hydrolytic stage of anaerobic digestion of beets and grass/clover showed very few similarities, despite that the hydrolysis dynamics were similar. In both substrates, the solubilization of organic material was rapid for the first 10 days and accompanied by a build‐up of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and lactate. Between days 10 and 15, VFA and lactate concentrations decreased, as did the solubilization rates. For both substrates, Archaea started to appear in the hydrolytic stage between days 10 and 15, and the fraction of Bacteria decreased. The major bacterial group detected in the leachate fraction for beets was Alphaproteobacteria, whereas for grass/clover it was Firmicutes. The number of cells that bound to probes specifically targeting bacteria with cellulolytic activity was higher in the digestion of grass than in the digestion of beet. Conclusions: This study allowed the identification of the general bacterial groups involved, and the identification of a clear shift in the microbial population when hydrolysis rate became limiting for each of the substrates investigated. Significance and Impact of the Study: The findings from this study could be considered as a first step towards the development of strategies to stimulate hydrolysis further and ultimately increasing the methane production rates and yields from reactor‐based digestion of these substrates.

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“…A two‐stage approach has previously been used in the anaerobic digestion of agro‐industrial wastes (Verrier et al. 1987; Kalia et al. 1992; Weiland 1993; Mtz‐Viturtia et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis and microbial community analyses in two-stage anaerobic digestion of energy crops

et al. 2007

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“…Each mixed culture was prepared by combining 6 different microbes in equal proportions amounting to a final cell protein concentration of 10 lg/ml [19]. Enrichment of methanogens was done by incubating 3 % total solids (TS) cattle dung slurry at 37°C for 20 days [22].…”

Section: Preparation Of Hydrolytic H 2 Producers and Methanogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples of vegetable waste (VW) and kitchen food waste (FW) have been analysed for parameters like TS, and volatile solids, which were estimated by heating a sample at 110°C for 24 h and at 600°C for 4 h, respectively [22].…”

Section: Total Solids and Organic Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecobiotechnological Strategy to Enhance Efficiency of Bioconversion of Wastes into Hydrogen and Methane

et al. 2014

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Vegetable wastes (VW) and food wastes (FW) are generated in large quantities by municipal markets, restaurants and hotels. Waste slurries (250 ml) in 300 ml BOD bottles, containing 3, 5 and 7 % total solids (TS) were hydrolyzed with bacterial mixtures composed of: Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Sphingobacterium species. Each of these bacteria had high activities for the hydrolytic enzymes: amylase, protease and lipase. Hydrolysate of biowaste slurries were subjected to defined mixture of H 2 producers and culture enriched for methanogens. The impact of hydrolysis of VW and FW was observed as 2.6-and 2.8-fold enhancement in H 2 yield, respectively. Direct biomethanation of hydrolysates of VW and FW resulted in 3.0-and 1.15-fold improvement in CH 4 yield, respectively. A positive effect of hydrolysis was also observed with biomethanation of effluent of H 2 production stage, to the extent of 1.2-and 3.5-fold with FW and VW, respectively. The effective H 2 yields were 17 and 85 l/kg TS fed, whereas effective CH 4 yields were 61.7 and 63.3 l/kg TS fed, from VW and FW, respectively. This ecobiotechnological strategy can help to improve the conversion efficiency of biowastes to biofuels.

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“…Unlike other renewable fuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol, biogas production is relatively simple and can operate under any conditions and is not monopolistic (Kalia et al 1992;Kapadi et al 2004). Dung is a potential substrate for biogas production, seen only as a floor polish and fertilizer in the garden for hundreds of years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of biogas using small-scale plug flow reactor and sizing calculation for biodegradable solid waste

Jyothilakshmi¹,

Vemareddy²

2015

Renewables

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Experiment was conducted on the fabricated biodigester of capacity 30 l. Slurry of cow manure in water was fed through the inlet until the digester is about 80% filled with slurry, and the slurry surface on both inlet and outlet did not leave holes by which the air can get into the digester. This was to ensure the anaerobic condition in the gas space inside the digester. After the first filling, both the inlet and outlet were covered and gas valve to the gas holder was opened. In the first 20 days, the gas holder expanded with produced gas. The first 20 days was the transient phase of the biogas production and it acted as a batch reactor. At the end of 20 days, the content of the gas holder was released as it did not burn due to the predomination of carbon dioxide. The next phase was started wherein the biodigester was fed periodically with slurry including kitchen and domestic waste from the M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology college canteen and hostels. After the digester was operational for several weeks (in reactor from which inoculation charge is obtained) and after the initial filling, the pH value had reached the stable value of 6.5 that remained constant during the period of sampling. The temperature was constant between 35 to 40 during the day and 25 to 30 during the night. Therefore, those two parameters were considered as the constants with respect to the model development. Based on our field data, those two parameters did not fluctuate significantly in Bangalore climate (where plug flow reactor is operated).

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Biomethanation of plant materials

Cited by 47 publications

References 8 publications

Hydrolysis and microbial community analyses in two-stage anaerobic digestion of energy crops

Hydrolysis and microbial community analyses in two-stage anaerobic digestion of energy crops

Ecobiotechnological Strategy to Enhance Efficiency of Bioconversion of Wastes into Hydrogen and Methane

Production of biogas using small-scale plug flow reactor and sizing calculation for biodegradable solid waste

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