Biomedical materials: A review of titanium based alloys

Abstract

The sterling mechanical properties of titanium alloys have distinguished them as an essential material for varied applications especially in biomedical fields. The combination of good corrosion resistance in addition to light weight, non-toxicity and an outstanding biocompatibility makes them a sought-after material for production of medical implants. Owing to the surging demand for durable implants, it has become exigent for increased developmental researches on biomaterials to be accelerated. This will result in significant increase in implant production and Ti alloys will play a vital role among the several materials presently in use. Hence, this review critically analysed the important roles Ti alloys have played thus far in the implant production industry and recent development of titanium-based alloys with low elastic modulus similar to human bones as well as improved biocompatibility and wear resistance.

Production and Characterization of the Third-Generation Oxide Nanotubes on Ti-13Zr-13Nb Alloy

“…Figure 7 shows that A total takes the values from 3.78(19) × 10 −7 cm 2 , for the SWNTs layer on the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy anodized at 15 V, to 3.39(17) × 10 −6 cm 2 , for the SWNTs layer produced on the sample oxidized at 35 V, which proves a 9-fold increase in A total in the tested voltage range. The obtained results indicate that the rise in A total ensures a growth in the contact surface between the oxide layer and the tissue, significantly accelerating the osseointegration process [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

“…The long-term implant market mainly includes the commercially pure titanium (Cp Ti) and Ti-6Al-4V two-phase (α + β) alloy [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. However, the use of toxic alloying additives such as Al and V has been shown to pose a health risk to patients due to their harmful properties, including the induction of allergies, inflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, neuropathy, and more [ 4 , 10 ].…”

Production, Characterization and Application of Oxide Nanotubes on Ti–6Al–7Nb Alloy as a Potential Drug Carrier

“…The progress of civilization has led to increased requirements for medical care, which should become more effective in solving the many health problems of an aging society. One of the answers to the challenges of modern medicine is the development of new biomaterials with increased corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, intended for long-term implants in implantology [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The most promising group of biomaterials for such applications is titanium and its single-phase alloys α or β and two-phase alloys α + β, which contain the additions of Al, V, Nb, Ta, Zr, Mo, Si, Sn, Pd, Fe, and Hf and exhibit osseointegrative properties [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…One of the answers to the challenges of modern medicine is the development of new biomaterials with increased corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, intended for long-term implants in implantology [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. The most promising group of biomaterials for such applications is titanium and its single-phase alloys α or β and two-phase alloys α + β, which contain the additions of Al, V, Nb, Ta, Zr, Mo, Si, Sn, Pd, Fe, and Hf and exhibit osseointegrative properties [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The two-phase Ti–6Al–4V alloy has so far dominated the long-term implant market.…”

“…The area of mutual bone adhesion to the porous surface of the implant is also increased. This is why almost all new generation implants have a porous surface, obtained with the use of various technologies [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”