Biomedical Infophysical Models of Filtering Ghost Airflows by Wearing Masks and Maintaining Social Distancing to Prevent COVID-19 and Reopen All Systems after Shutdowns (Lockdowns)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than 400 thousand and infected more than 7 million people in the whole world as of 06/10/2020. Many open systems, such as educations, transportations, entertainments, sports or foods, have been completely or partially locked down in many regions of the world to prevent COVID-19 spreading. Therefore, how to reopen all of the open systems after the shutdown has become a world urgent issue. Evidences of COIVD-19 have showed: person-to-person transmission occurs among close contacts; virus droplets (or aerosols) play an important role in the transmission; people can prevent COVID-19 by measures of mask-wearing or maintaining social distancing. However, how these measures work to prevent COVID-19 is still not clear in a perspective of biomedical Infophysics. In this study, (1) we think the transmission of infection can be accomplished by real or virtual person; (2) we define a virtual person as ghost airflow, a term we coin to describe virus droplets (or aerosols) that are initially generated by human carriers and remain in the air to be transmitted. These ghost airflows are as dangerous as the real virus carriers particularly in enclosed (confined) environments; (3) we propose biomedical infophysical models (BMIPM) of filtering the ghost airflows by mask-wearing and maintaining social distancing, to help people to understand the filtering mechanisms and willingly follow the guidelines of preventing covid-19, and therefore to successfully reopen all of the open systems after the shutdowns (lockdowns) and (or) to avoid the shutdowns (lockdowns) in future epidemics or pandemics. Significantly, we compare the prevention efficiencies of COVID-19 between people who are accustomed and not accustomed to masks based on the published WHO, CDC or NHC pandemic data. The compared results support our models in this investigation. Coronaviruses easily survive and have high toxicity, in dirty, wet and cold environments, and the air pollution is linked with higher COVID-19 death rates. The dingy environments and air-conditioning, freezing systems sufficiently provide such necessary dirty, wet and cold conditions and polluted airflows to exacerbate the mortality rate of COVID-19. Therefore, we strongly suggest: to use air conditioners as less as possible, to turn the wind levels as low as possible and to clean (disinfecting) the air-conditioning systems (filters and channels) and environments as frequent as possible.

Systematic review of the effects of environmental factors on virus inactivation: implications for coronavirus disease 2019

“…It is indirectly proven that the major risk of droplet transmission occurs when droplets leave the host, and the shorter time it is, the greater the risk. Therefore, if there is a potential infected person in a room, the most effective method of surveillance and containment is to keep social distancing, and wear a mask, which is simple and easy and has the lowest social cost (Cheng and Zou 2020 ; Leung et al 2020 ; Wei et al 2021 ). For viruses that have been floating in the air for a long time with low vitality, it is advisable to regulate indoor environments according to the influence of temperature and RH on virus survival and spread.…”

Hemodynamics of Maintaining Transportation of All Nutrients in Blood Flowing: Drinking (Boiled) Warm Water and Complete Nutrition Fluids for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Clinic

“…We also believe that it is very helpful to clear the viruses that are on or in our bodies or upper respiratory tracts but have not enter our lower respiratory tracts or lungs by frequently cleaning (washing or gargling) our nostrils, tongue, throats, and mouths, for example, blowing our nose, sneezing, and spiting; washing hands, faces, eyes, and ears; and taking warm showers and deep breaths for primary and secondary preventions of respiratory infection diseases. [11,12] We believe our analysis results in this study are also applicable or helpful for primary and secondary preventions of other respiratory diseases in clinic.…”

“…Therefore, we suggested to drink (boiled) warm water and complete nutrition fluids, for easy digestion, energy supplementation, and blood clots prevention, [25] to prevent or cure COVID-19 in our previous studies. [11,12] We think the complete nutrition fluids can provide all nutrients to maintain human bio-energy for daily lives and increase strength of immune system; drinking warm water can directly compensate the loss of water and heat, reduce the blood viscosity, and maintain the normal flows of the blood and red cells, that is, maintain the normal transportations of O 2 , CO 2 (conveying in RBC or plasma), H 2 O, and all nutrients, to prevent or cure COVID-19 [Figure 3].…”

“…water is very helpful for primary and secondary preventions of almost all of the respiratory diseases. [10,29,30] We also believe, for primary and secondary preventions of COVID-19 in clinic, drinking more warm water is a similar solution to altitude sickness during hypoxia; [11,12] sipping distilled liquors, 60-70% by volume, 1 cc or ml/an hour (for adults only) is helpful too, according to our previous initial clinical trials of treating flu infection. [29,30]…”

“…Therefore, we strongly suggested people to wear face masks for primary and secondary preventions of COVID-19 in clinic. [11,12] In this article, we mostly focus on theoretic analysis of human blood circulation system at a tissue level using hemodynamics [13,14] and complete nutrition therapy (without side effects) for primary and secondary preventions of COVID-19 in clinic.…”