Biomedical Applications of Nanofibers

Abstract

The idea of creating replacement for damaged or diseased tissue, which will mimic the physiological conditions and simultaneously promote regeneration by patients’ own cells, has been a major challenge in the biomedicine for more than a decade. Therefore, nanofibers are a promising solution to address these challenges. Nanofiber technology is an exciting area attracting the attention of many researchers as a potential solution to these current challenges in the biomedical field such as burn and wound care, organ repair, and treatment for osteoporosis and various diseases. Nanofibers mimic the porous topography of natural extracellular matrix (ECM), hence they are advantageous for tissue regeneration . In biomedical engineering, electrospinning exhibits advantages as a tissue engineering scaffolds producer, which can make appropriate resemblance in physical structure with ECM. This is because of the nanometer scale of ECM fibrils in diameter, which can be mimicked by electrospinning procedure as well as its porous structure. In this review, the applications of nanofibers in various biomedical areas such as tissue engineering, wound dressing and facemask, are summarized. It provides opportunities to develop new materials and techniques that improve the ability for developing quick, sensitive and reliable analytical techniques.

Electrospun hybrid nanofibers: Fabrication, characterization, and biomedical applications

“…Hybrid nanofibers have received significant attention owing to their unique properties. These materials show unique magnetic, optoelectrical, and biological properties essential for a wide range of applications in optics, energy generation and storage, environment, medicine, and biotechnology ( He et al, 2014 ; Zeng et al, 2014 ; Ghajarieh et al, 2021 ). Various techniques can be used to fabricate hybrid nanofiber-based structures.…”

Electro Fluid Dynamics: A Route to Design Polymers and Composites for Biomedical and Bio-Sustainable Applications

“…Similar to other petroleum-based polymers, polymers from renewable resources are rarely used alone, and many of their properties can be enhanced through blending and composite formation [ 64 ]. Micro- and nano-scale polymeric fibers have many advantages, such as large surface area and high porosity for use in biomedical applications [ 65 ], environmental filtrations [ 3 ], and textile products [ 66 ].…”

Bioactive peptides laden nano and micro-sized particles enriched ECM inspired dressing for skin regeneration in diabetic wounds

“…The structural complexity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) can be mimicked by biomaterial-based nanofibrous mats [ 7 , 8 ]. Nanoscale fibers provide a greater surface area and micro-environment for cell proliferation and attachment [ 9 , 10 ]. The high porosity of the nanoscale fiber mats enables high gas permeation and it prevents tissue degeneration [ 11 , 12 ].…”