Biomedical Applications of 2D MXene Nanocomposites: A Review

Abstract

Biomaterials technology has advanced significantly in recent years and 2D nanostructures have played a key role in this advancement. A new ceramic 2D nanomaterial, MXene, made up of transition metal carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides with a planar layout that was produced by etching away “A” from a ceramic phase called “MAX”, has emerged to overcome the shortcomings of traditional biomaterials. MXene is used inadequately in biomedical applications due to its weak stability in physiological conditions, lack of prolonged and low biodegradability, and self‐controlled drug release. These drawbacks have given rise to the idea of using MXene/Polymer nano composites, due to their major properties like large surface area, metallic conductivity, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and size tunability. Polymer functionalization is possible by the surface‐available functional groups. This review has been done to focus on cutting‐edge examples such as polymer functionalized composites MXene for the developing field of biomedical applications. These applications consist of precise and prolonged antimicrobial activity, bio sensing, therapeutics, drug delivery, contrast‐enhanced diagnostic imaging, tissue engineering, flexible electronics, and bone regeneration.