Biomedical Applications and Bioavailability of Curcumin—An Updated Overview

Sohn, Soo-In; Priya, Arumugam; Balasubramaniam, Boopathi; Muthuramalingam, Pandiyan; Sivasankar, Chandran; Selvaraj, Anthonymuthu; Valliammai, Alaguvel; Jothi, R. Anandha; Subramanian, A.

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13122102

Cited by 111 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…The major pharmacologically active constituents of Curcuma species are curcuminoids and essential oils. Curcuminoids, a mixture of three phenolic compounds namely curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin, have been proven to posses significant health benefits along with the potential to prevent various diseases [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Essential oils of Curcuma species are relatively complex with hundreds of components including terpenes and oxygenated terpenoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Curcuma Species, viz. C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa, from Nepal

Poudel¹,

Ojha²,

Rokaya³

et al. 2022

Plants

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The genus Curcuma, composed of 93 species mainly originating from Asia, Australia, and South America, has been used for medicinal purposes, aromatic, and nutritional values as well as cosmetic. It plays a vital role in flavoring and coloring as well as exhibiting therapeutic agents against different diseases. Nepalese farmers are unaware of the essential oil compositions of Curcuma species, viz. C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa. The investigation of these three essential oils provides insight into their potential as cash crops and earns a reasonable return from their production. The essential oils were obtained from the rhizomes of each plant by hydrodistillation and subjected to Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis to identify its volatile chemical constituents as well as chiral GC-MS to identify the enantiomeric distribution of chiral terpenoids. The order of extraction yields were C. longa (0.89%) > C. zedoaria (0.74%) > C. aeruginosa (0.37%). In total, the presence of 65, 98, and 84 compounds were identified in C. longa, C. zedoaria, and C. aeruginosa, representing 95.82%, 81.55%, and 92.59% of the total oil, respectively. The most abundant compounds in C. longa essential oils were ar-turmerone (25.5%), α-turmerone (24.4%), β-turmerone (14.0%), terpinolene (7.2%), β-sesquiphellandrene (5.1%), α-zingiberene (4.8%), β-caryophyllene (2.9%), ar-curcumene (1.6%) and 1,8-cineole (1.3%). The most dominant compounds in C. zedoaria were curzerenone (21.5%), 1,8-cineole (19.6%), curzerene (6.2%), trans-β-Elemene (5.1%), camphor (2.6%), and germacrone (2.3%). The major components in C. aeruginosa were curzerenone (59.6%), germacrone (5.3%), curzerene (4.7%), camphor (3.6%), trans-β-Elemene (2.6%), and β-eudesmol (1.6%). C. zedoaria, and C. aeruginosa essential oil from Nepal for the very first time. This study reports for the first time chiral terpenoids from C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa essential oil. A chemical blueprint of these essential oils could also be used as a tool for identification and quality assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Curcuma Species, viz. C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa, from Nepal

Poudel¹,

Ojha²,

Rokaya³

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a natural polyphenolic substance derived from the plant Curcuma longa . It has demonstrated various biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiproliferative, proapoptotic and anti-atherosclerotic effects, leading to medicinal benefits against various forms of human illnesses [ 43 , 44 ]. However, Curc is characterized with low aqueous solubility, photodegradability, chemical instability, rapid metabolism and elimination that hamper its clinical application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Polyion Complex Micelles for Potential Targeted Hydrophobic Drug Delivery

Kalinova

Dimitrov

2022

Molecules

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Polyion complex (PIC) micelles have gained an increasing interest, mainly as promising nano-vehicles for the delivery of various hydrophilic charged (macro)molecules such as DNA or drugs to the body. The aim of the present study is to construct novel functional PIC micelles bearing cell targeting ligands on the surface and to evaluate the possibility of a hydrophobic drug encapsulation. Initially, a pair of functional oppositely charged peptide-based hybrid diblock copolymers were synthesized and characterized. The copolymers spontaneously co-assembled in water into nanosized PIC micelles comprising a core of a polyelectrolyte complex between poly(L-aspartic acid) and poly(L-lysine) and a biocompatible mixed shell of disaccharide-modified poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). Depending on the molar ratio between the oppositely charged groups, PIC micelles varying in surface charge were obtained and loaded with the natural hydrophobic drug curcumin. PIC micelles’ drug loading efficiency, in vitro drug release profiles and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The preliminary results indicate that PIC micelles can be successfully used as carriers of hydrophobic drugs, thus expanding their potential application in nanomedicine.

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“…There have been multiple reviews and research articles reported in the literature to increase the bioavailability of curcuminoids using various formulations [ 1 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Maheshwari, in 2010, reported higher solubility of lipophilic curcuminoids in traditional vehicles such as milk, clarified butter, and corn oil, as shown in the current study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractability of Curcuminoids Is Enhanced with Milk and Aqueous-Alcohol Mixtures

Tareq

Luthria

2022

Molecules

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In this study, we evaluated the extractability of three curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) from turmeric powder in several solvents using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with the diode-array detection method. These solvents include water, milk (homogenized, 2% reduced fat, low fat, fat free, soy, almond, coconut, and milkadamia), and aqueous ethanols (0%, 4%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 100%). Ambient water was able to extract only 0.55 mg/g of curcuminoids, whereas warm water extracted more than four-fold higher amounts (2.42 mg/g). Almond, coconut, and milkadamia milk were able to extract only small amounts of curcuminoids at ambient temperatures (0.01–0.07 mg/g). The extractability of curcuminoids in these milk types did not improve, even in warm conditions (0.08–0.37 mg/g). Whereas dairy and soy milk extracted 6.76–9.75 mg/g of curcuminoids under ambient conditions, their extractability increased significantly in warm conditions by 30–100% higher (11.7–14.9 mg/g). The solubility of curcuminoids also varied remarkably in different proportions of aqueous-alcohol mixtures. With 4% ethanol, only 1.7 mg/g of curcuminoids were extracted, and the amounts improved with the increase in ethanol content up to 50% (32.2 mg/g), while 100% ethanol extracted a similar amount as 50% ethanol (34.2 mg/g). This study suggests that the extractability of curcuminoids from turmeric will be dependent on the type of diets consumed with the turmeric supplements.

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Biomedical Applications and Bioavailability of Curcumin—An Updated Overview

Cited by 111 publications

References 233 publications

Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Curcuma Species, viz. C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa, from Nepal

Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Curcuma Species, viz. C. aeruginosa, C. zedoaria, and C. longa, from Nepal

Functional Polyion Complex Micelles for Potential Targeted Hydrophobic Drug Delivery

Extractability of Curcuminoids Is Enhanced with Milk and Aqueous-Alcohol Mixtures

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