Biomechanics of the lower limb

Monk, Paul; Oldenrijk, Jakob van; Riley, Nicholas; Gill, Richie H.S.; Murray, D.W.

doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2016.06.007

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Both KA and conventional implant positioning have different advantages and disadvantages. The main advantage of conventional positioning is that it has a well-established, large evidence base regarding complications such as polyethylene wear in TKA 1 , 3 and dislocation in THA, 6 for example. However, the main disadvantage with conventional positioning is that it ignores individual variation in anatomy/kinematics, although it remains unclear whether restoring extreme native ‘patho-anatomy’ would be of benefit for every patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique enables protection of each implant’s fixation and surface bearing by reducing the knee adduction moment and by more evenly sharing the loading between medial and lateral tibial plateaus. 1 All of these things aim to optimize long-term implant survivorship. Also, it aligns the extensor mechanism, which reduces the risk of patella instability.…”

Section: Conventional Techniques For Hip and Knee Replacement: Rationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to prevent implant fixation failure and accelerated polyethylene wear, it was initially recommended that implants were positioned in a ‘biomechanically friendly’ way, which disregarded most of the individual patient anatomy. 1 - 5 Therefore, knee implants were aligned perpendicular to the femoral and tibial mechanical axes 2 , 3 and the acetabular cup component was medialized as much as possible. 1 , 4 , 5 A few years later, Lewinnek et al 6 recommended that the acetabular cup was radiographically positioned with 40° inclination and 20° anteversion, as they found it reduced the risk of prosthetic hip dislocation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinematic alignment technique for total hip and knee arthroplasty

Rivière

Lazic

Villet³

et al. 2018

EFORT Open Reviews

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Conventional techniques for hip and knee arthroplasty have led to good long-term clinical outcomes, but complications remain despite better surgical precision and improvements in implant design and quality.Technological improvements and a better understanding of joint kinematics have facilitated the progression to ‘personalized’ implant positioning (kinematic alignment) for total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty, the true value of which remains to be determined.By achieving a true knee resurfacing, the kinematic alignment (KA) technique for TKA aims at aligning the components with the physiological kinematic axes of the knee and restoring the constitutional tibio-femoral joint line frontal and axial orientation and soft-tissue laxity.The KA technique for THA aims at restoring the native ‘combined femoro-acetabular anteversion’ and the hip’s centre of rotation, and occasionally adjusting the cup position and design based on the assessment of the individual spine-hip relation.The key element for optimal prosthetic joint kinematics (hip or knee) is to reproduce the femoral anatomy.The transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) is the reference landmark to adjust the cup position.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:98-105. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conventional Techniques For Hip and Knee Replacement: Rationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Kinematic alignment technique for total hip and knee arthroplasty

Rivière

Lazic

Villet³

et al. 2018

EFORT Open Reviews

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“…PF is thought to be attached to the Achilles tendon via the superficial aligned trabeculae of the calcaneus, even if the continuity of collagen fibers between the Achilles tendon and the PF through the calcaneus is still debated [3]. PF has a fundamental biomechanical role in supporting the medial longitudinal arch of the foot [4][5][6] and is capable of storing strain energy and converting it into propulsive force, behaving as a quasi-elastic tissue [7], but it is in general characterized by relevant viscoelastic behavior [8]. Moreover, it has been recently demonstrated that fascia play an important role in proprioception, compartment syndromes and fibromyalgia [2,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Plantar Fascia Mechanical Properties in Subjects with Foot Pathologies

et al. 2021

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Plantar Fascia (PF) is a fibrous tissue that plays a key role in supporting the foot arch; it can be affected by several pathologies that can alter foot biomechanics. The present study aims at investigating the mechanical behavior of PF and evaluating possible correlations between mechanical properties and specific pathologies, namely diabetes and plantar fibromatosis (Ledderhose syndrome). PF samples were obtained from 14 human subjects, including patients with Ledderhose syndrome, patients affected by diabetes and healthy subjects. Mechanical properties of PF tissues were evaluated on three samples from each subject, by cyclic uniaxial tensile tests up to 10% of maximum strain and stress relaxation tests for 300 s, in hydrated conditions at room temperature. In tensile tests, PF exhibits non-linear stress–strain behavior, with a higher elastic modulus (up to 25–30 MPa) in patients affected by Ledderhose syndrome and diabetes with respect to healthy subjects (elastic modulus 10 ÷ 14 MPa). Stress-relaxation tests show that PF of patients affected by Ledderhose syndrome and diabetes develop more intense viscous phenomena. The results presented in this work represent the first experimental data on the tensile mechanical propertied of PF in subjects with foot diseases and can provide an insight on foot biomechanics in pathological conditions.

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“…The normal range of motion (ROM) of the ankle during DF is 10-20 degrees (°) and 25-30° during PF, contributing to inversion and eversion [ 9 ]. Among healthy and physically active individuals, greater passive DF ROM is seen to increase the risk of knee displacement and these biomechanical factors can be associated with further injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament injury during landing [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Angle, Range of Motion, Force, and Moment Assessment: Responses of the Lower Limb to Ankle Plantarflexion and Dorsiflexion

Ugbolue

Robson

Donald

et al. 2021

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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There is limited research on the biomechanical assessment of the lower limb joints in relation to dynamic movements that occur at the hip, knee, and ankle joints when performing dorsiflexion (DF) and plantarflexion (PF) among males and females. This study investigated the differences in joint angles (including range of motion (ROM)) and forces (including moments) between the left and right limbs at the ankle, knee, and hip joints during dynamic DF and PF movements in both males and females. Using a general linear model employing multivariate analysis in relation to the joint angle, ROM, force, and moment datasets, the results revealed significant main effects for gender, sidedness, phases, and foot position with respect to joint angles. Weak correlations were observed between measured biomechanical variables. These results provide insightful information for clinicians and biomechanists that relate to lower limb exercise interventions and modelling efficacy standpoints.

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Biomechanics of the lower limb

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Kinematic alignment technique for total hip and knee arthroplasty

Kinematic alignment technique for total hip and knee arthroplasty

Experimental Analysis of Plantar Fascia Mechanical Properties in Subjects with Foot Pathologies

Joint Angle, Range of Motion, Force, and Moment Assessment: Responses of the Lower Limb to Ankle Plantarflexion and Dorsiflexion

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