Biomaterials in the development and future of vascular grafts

Li, Xue; Greisler, Howard P.

doi:10.1067/mva.2003.88

Cited by 461 publications

(372 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…It is believed that this plays a major role in postoperative complications and ultimate graft failure. [4][5][6] Thus, there is a need to create a biomaterial with properties tuned for specific cardiovascular device applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SANS Characterization of an Anisotropic Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel with Vascular Applications

et al. 2007

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Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are formed by physical cross-linking through freeze/thaw cycles. By controlling the stress applied during the freeze/thaw process, anisotropic PVA hydrogels can be produced. An anisotropic PVA hydrogel conduit that mimics the nonlinear and anisotropic mechanical properties displayed by porcine aorta was developed. Preliminary structural characterization of isotropic and anisotropic PVA samples using small-angle neutron scattering reveals a polymer mesh cross-linked by crystallites spaced by about 18 nm and, most importantly, that the anisotropic properties are due to large-scale (>100 nm) structures alone; the geometry of the polymer mesh and crystallites remains largely unaltered. Controlling the properties of these anisotropic PVA hydrogels promises a broad range of potential applications in biomedical devices, such as coronary bypass grafts, where compliance mismatch between the implanted synthetic graft and the surrounding tissue has been identified as a major cause of failure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SANS Characterization of an Anisotropic Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel with Vascular Applications

et al. 2007

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“…Green strains in the circumferential (θ) and axial directions (z) are related to corresponding principal stretch ratios λ θ and λ z by: (1) In the simplest two-dimensional Fung's model without shear deformation, the strain energy per unit volume is given by [12]: (2) where (3) Kirchhoff stresses are obtained by differentiating the strain energy with respect to corresponding Green strains as: (4) It is noted that for E zz = 0, S θθ is a nonlinear function of E θθ only. In the axial direction, we have a similar situation.…”

Section: Fung's 2d Pseudoelastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An understanding of elasticity of blood vessels may be important in the selection of arterial grafts and in designing artificial blood vessels [1][2][3]. In this regard, material property mismatch has been shown to reduce graft patency, see review [4] and references therein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bilinear stress–strain relationship for arteries

Zhang

Kassab

2007

Biomaterials

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A comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of blood vessels is essential for vascular physiology, pathophysiology and tissue engineering. A well known approach to study the elasticity of blood vessels is to postulate a strain energy function such as the exponential or polynomial forms. It is typically difficult to fit experimental data to derive material parameters for blood vessels, however, due to the highly-nonlinear nature of the stress-strain relation. In this work, we generalize the strain definition to absorb the elastic nonlinearity and then propose a 2D bilinear stress-strain relation between Kirchhoff stress and the new strain measure. The model is found to represent the Fung's exponential model very well. The novel linearized constitutive relation simplifies the determination of material constants by reducing the nonlinearity and provides a clearer physical interpretation of the model parameters. The limitations of the constitutive model and its implications for vascular mechanics are discussed.

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“…Polyester (PET) and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) are currently widely accepted as suitable materials for vascular bypass prostheses. 1 Through the application of various coatings and technical fabrication processes, the properties of vascular prostheses have been optimized. Major negative aspects continue to be thrombogenicity, neointimal hyperplasia, and the susceptibility of the alloplastic prostheses to infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of titanium‐coated polyester prostheses in the animal model

Ueberrueck¹,

Meyer²,

Zippel³

et al. 2004

J Biomed Mater Res

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Commercially available polyester vascular prostheses (n ‫؍‬ 6) in the control group (CG) and titanium-coated vascular prostheses (TP; n ‫؍‬ 7) were interposed within the infrarenal aorta of pigs. The respective healing characteristics and patency rates were compared after 3 months. For evaluation purposes, macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical criteria were applied. The macroscopic evaluation revealed complete healing of the TP in comparison with the CG. Extraluminal inspection revealed prominent firm cicatricial tissue in the prosthesis bed of the TP group. All TP were occluded. In the CG, occlusion of the prostheses occurred in n ‫؍‬ 1 (16 %). On average, neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) in the proximal part of the anastomosis was not significantly different to the CG. The extraluminal proliferation index (Ki67) was reduced in the TP group (p ‫؍‬ 0.002). The immunohistochemical analysis of intraluminal changes revealed no significant differences between CG and TP. All of the titanium-coated polyester vascular prostheses were found to be occluded. The additional coating of polyester prostheses with titanium would not appear to be of any particular benefit.

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Biomaterials in the development and future of vascular grafts

Cited by 461 publications

References 64 publications

SANS Characterization of an Anisotropic Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel with Vascular Applications

SANS Characterization of an Anisotropic Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel with Vascular Applications

A bilinear stress–strain relationship for arteries

Characteristics of titanium‐coated polyester prostheses in the animal model

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