Biomass torrefaction: properties, applications, challenges, and economy

Niu, Yanqing; Yuan, Liang; Lei, Yu; Liu, Siqi; Yang, Liang; Wang, Denghui; Suo, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.109395

Cited by 235 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Nowadays, both scientific research and the commercial sector, focus on utilization of green and clean renewable energy sources in order to generate different kinds of biofuel (solid, liquid, and gaseous) by valorization of various waste biomass (WB) (Adarme et al, 2019; Hawkes et al, 2002; Logan and Regan, 2006; Niju and Swathika, 2019; Soto et al, 2019; Vats et al, 2019; Yusuf, 2017). Currently, WB (originating prevalently from the agricultural sector) is considered as the largest source of renewable energy in the world (Niu et al, 2019). The amount of WB has increased significantly and represents a threat in the form of environmental pollution, if not properly processed, recovered or stored (Flores-Jiménez et al, 2019; Yusuf, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Densification (briquetting) of bulk feedstock into the bio-briquette form (solid biofuel) increases its fuel efficiency and improves its characteristics, specifically: less smoke and more heat is produced during combustion; easier handling and storage of the biofuel; and practical feeding of furnaces (Eissa and Alghannam, 2013; Werther et al, 2000). To increase the level of WB fuel parameters even more, it is possible to use the subsequent process of torrefaction (at 200–300°C in inert atmosphere) (Niu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Briquetting of sugarcane bagasse as a proper waste management technology in Vietnam

et al. 2020

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The present research describes an application of high-pressure briquetting technology to the waste management of sugarcane processing in Vietnam. The amount of generated sugarcane bagasse was monitored during sugarcane processing within the street juice production in Hue city, Vietnam. Generated sugarcane bagasse was subjected to fuel parameters analysis within its suitability for direct combustion. The obtained sugarcane bagasse was converted into bio-briquette fuel by a high-pressure briquetting press and its mechanical quality was determined. Results proved that the proportion of generated sugarcane bagasse from whole sugarcane stem mass was equal to 35.45%. This indicated generation of an abundant amount of sugarcane bagasse worldwide in general. Fuel parameters analysis proved high quality level of low ash content = 0.97% and high calorific values (gross calorific value = 18.35 MJ·kg-1, net calorific value = 17.06 MJ·kg-1), which indicated good suitability for direct combustion processes. Indicators of mechanical quality proved the following observations: mechanical durability = 99.29%, compressive strength = 150.82 N∙mm-1 and bulk density = 1022.44 kg·m-3, with all these indicators representing positive results. In general, the observed results indicated suitability of sugarcane bagasse valorization within the production of bio-briquette fuel by using high-pressure briquetting technology. Finally, analysis of such waste biomass proved its great potential for energy recovery, thus, the advantage of its valorization within the sustainable technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Briquetting of sugarcane bagasse as a proper waste management technology in Vietnam

et al. 2020

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“…Qing et al indicated that torrefaction could significantly improve the physical density, energy density, and bulk density of biomass feedstock to effectively utilize storage space and reduce transportation costs. In addition, the biomass becomes brittle after torrefaction due to the breakdown of filaments in biomass by the release of gaseous and volatile products; consequently, the total pore volume and surface area of torrefied fuels is higher than that of the parent biomass [11]. The detailed mechanism of the evolution of pore structures has been explained by Onay as follows: When the temperature is relatively low (approximately 230 • C), the specific surface area and pore diameter of the torrefied fuel change little compared with raw biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Physicochemical Properties of Upgraded Biomass Fuel by Torrefaction and the Ashless Technique

Lee

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the influence of torrefaction and an ashless process on the physical and chemical properties of pitch pine sawdust (PSD) and kenaf as types of woody and herbaceous biomass. The physicochemical properties of the materials pretreated by the ashless process with torrefaction including proximate and ultimate analysis, hydrophobicity, grindability, morphology, and structure were analyzed. The results showed that when ashless Kenaf was torrefied, the high heating rate and atomic ratios of O/C and H/C increased. The tendency of the torrefied, ashless Kenaf to absorb water decreased, and it became more hydrophobic (approximately 0% for the uptake rate of moisture). In addition, the grindability of the torrefied, ashless Kenaf was substantially improved compared to that of pretreated PSD. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and scanning electron microscopy results showed that when Kenaf was pretreated, particles easily lost their fibrous structure and cracked as the number of macropores decreased. These results indicate that the herbaceous biomass of Kenaf, when pretreated with both torrefaction and the ashless process, exhibits improved physicochemical properties compared to the woody PSD.

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“…Heating of biomass and waste to higher temperatures than necessary for their drying results in the release of volatile compounds and a change in its macromolecular structure. Its pretreatment in the temperature range of 200 to 300 • C with exposure times of up to 2 h in inert atmosphere is termed torrefaction [97,98], and it reduces the H/C and O/C ratio of the processed material and, thus, shifts its combustion characteristics closer to that of solid fossil fuels. The calorific value, structure, and bulk density of pretreated feedstock are also affected [99].…”

Section: Biomass Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Biomass Co-Combustion with Fossil Fuels in the European Context: A Review

et al. 2021

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Co-combustion of biomass-based fuels and fossil fuels in power plant boilers, utility boilers, and process furnaces is a widely acknowledged means of efficient heat and power production, offering higher power production than comparable systems with sole biomass combustion. This, in combination with CO2 and other greenhouse gases abatement and low specific cost of system retrofit to co-combustion, counts among the tangible advantages of co-combustion application. Technical and operational issues regarding the accelerated fouling, slagging, and corrosion risk, as well as optimal combustion air distribution impact on produced greenhouse gases emissions and ash properties, belong to intensely researched topics nowadays in parallel with the combustion aggregates design optimization, the advanced feed pretreatment techniques, and the co-combustion life cycle assessment. This review addresses the said topics in a systematic manner, starting with feed availability, its pretreatment, fuel properties and combustor types, followed by operational issues, greenhouse gases, and other harmful emissions trends, as well as ash properties and utilization. The body of relevant literature sources is table-wise classified according to numerous criteria pertaining to individual paper sections, providing a concise and complex insight into the research methods, analyzed systems, and obtained results. Recent advances achieved in individual studies and the discovered synergies between co-combusted fuels types and their shares in blended fuel are summed up and discussed. Actual research challenges and prospects are briefly touched on as well.

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Biomass torrefaction: properties, applications, challenges, and economy

Cited by 235 publications

References 119 publications

Briquetting of sugarcane bagasse as a proper waste management technology in Vietnam

Briquetting of sugarcane bagasse as a proper waste management technology in Vietnam

Comparing the Physicochemical Properties of Upgraded Biomass Fuel by Torrefaction and the Ashless Technique

Advances in Biomass Co-Combustion with Fossil Fuels in the European Context: A Review

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