Comparing the Physicochemical Properties of Upgraded Biomass Fuel by Torrefaction and the Ashless Technique

Sh, Lkhagvadorj; Lee, Byoung-Hwa; Lee, Young‐Joo; Jeon, Chung-Hwan

doi:10.3390/app9245519

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Results of the ultimate analysis (Table 1), show increased carbon content of the torrefied biomass, when comparing to untreated wood. This trend has been confirmed by many different studies, for many different types of feedstock [62,[79][80][81][82][83][84]. Similarly, an increase in HHV of torrefied wood was observed, which is similar to results reported different types of biomass in different studies [85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier

et al. 2020

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Gasification of biomass in fixed bed gasifiers is a well-known technology, with its origins dating back to the beginning of 20th century. It is a technology with good prospects, in terms of small scale, decentralized power co-generation. However, the understanding of the process is still not fully developed. Therefore, assessment of the changes in the design of a gasifier is typically performed with extensive prototyping stage, thus introducing significant cost. This study presents experimental results of gasification of a single pellet and bed of particles of raw and torrefied wood. The procedure can be used for obtaining design parameters of a fixed bed gasifier. Results of two suits of experiments, namely pyrolysis and CO2 gasification are presented. Moreover, results of pyrolysis of pellets are compared against a numerical model, developed for thermally thick particles. Pyrolysis time, predicted by model, was in good agreement with experimental results, despite some differences in the time when half of the initial mass was converted. Conversion times for CO2 gasification were much longer, despite higher temperature of the process, indicating importance of the reduction reactions. Overall, the obtained results could be helpful in developing a complete model of gasification of thermally thick particles in a fixed bed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier

et al. 2020

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“…However, thr relatively low N content (Figure 5) suggests that the content of proteins was not significant. Similar trends, in terms of the location on Van Krevelen's diagram with increased severity of torrefaction, were observed for various lignocellulosic species of biomass, such as wood [113,114], beechwood [115], miscanthus [115], Sida hermafrodita [97], Erianthus arundinaceus [96], pepper pellets [114], perilla stem pellets [114], and Kenaf [116].…”

Section: Torrefied Bsg As a Solid Fuelsupporting

confidence: 66%

Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective

Jackowski¹,

Niedźwiecki²,

Mościcki³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Brewers’ Spent Grain is a by-product of the brewing process, with potential applications for energy purposes. This paper presents the results of an investigation aiming at valorization of this residue by torrefaction, making product for two purposes: a solid fuel that could be used for generation of heat for the brewery and a colouring agent that could replace colouring malt for the production of dark beers. Decreased consumption of malt for such purposes would have a positive influence on the sustainability of brewing. Torrefaction was performed at temperatures ranging between 180 °C and 300 °C, with a residence time between 20 and 60 min. For the most severe torrefaction conditions (300 °C, 60 min), the higher heating value of torrefied BSG reached 25 MJ/kg. However, the best beer colouring properties were achieved for mild torrefaction conditions, i.e., 180 °C for 60 min and 210 °C for 40 min, reaching European Brewery Convention colours of 145 and 159, respectively. From the solid fuel properties perspective, the improvements offered by torrefaction in such mild conditions were modest. Overall, the obtained results suggest some trade-off between the optimum colouring properties and optimum solid fuel properties that need to be considered when such dual-purpose torrefaction of BSG for brewery purposes is implemented.

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“…The BET surface area of RK/TK has been presented in our previous study . According to the data in Table , torrefaction failed to improve the surface area of TK (0.568 m 2 g –1 ) compared with RK (0.528 m 2 g –1 ).…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The BET surface area of RK/TK has been presented in our previous study. 29 According to the data in Table 3, torrefaction failed to improve the surface area of TK (0.568 m 2 g −1 ) compared with RK (0.528 m 2 g −1 ). The high surface area of the biochar (420.3142 m 2 g −1 ) indicates that devolatilization created micropores.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

et al. 2021

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Biomass can be upgraded via torrefaction, and torrefied kenaf (TK) is a fuel that allows blending with coal at high ratios. In the present study, raw kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) (RK) was torrefied at 523 K for 30 min and then mixed with Vietnamese anthracite (NinhBinh, NB) before co-pyrolysis. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis was used to evaluate the behavior of RK, TK, and blended RK/TK during co-pyrolysis at biomass blending ratios (BBRs) of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 wt %. The TG and derivative thermogravimetry curves of a mixture of NB and RK (NBRK) were similar to those of RK. The decomposition curves of a mixture of NB and TK (NBTK) depended on the mass fraction of TK. Based on weight loss differences between the experimental and calculated data for the fuel blends, no interaction between the RK and anthracite was observed for all BBRs, whereas anthracite involving 50 and 75% TK exhibited synergistic effects. The temperature range for synergy and degree of synergy for NB and TK depended on the heating rate and mass ratio of TK. Kinetic parameters were calculated using the Friedman−non-isothermal free kinetic method at heating rates of 10, 20, and 40 K/min. The results showed that the activation energy (E) values of the NBRK at conversion ratios of 0.2−0.5 were equal to those of the RK, whereas they were superior at NB decomposition ratios of 0.6−0.8. NBTK1-1 (BBR of 50%) showed E values higher than those of NB at some conversion ratios, thus demonstrating a negative impact of blending. Further, NBTK1-3 (BBR of 75%) and NBTK3-1 (BBR of 25%) exhibited E values between those of NB and TK. The present study suggests that a high TK mass fraction (75%) in the blend for co-pyrolysis is optimal for the activation energy and volatile matter yield.

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Comparing the Physicochemical Properties of Upgraded Biomass Fuel by Torrefaction and the Ashless Technique

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier

Influence of Torrefaction and Pelletizing of Sawdust on the Design Parameters of a Fixed Bed Gasifier

Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective

Comparative Study of the Synergistic Effects of Blending Raw/Torrefied Biomass and Vietnamese Anthracite Using Co-pyrolysis

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