Biomass to Syngas: Modified Non-Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for the Downdraft Biomass Gasification

Ayub, Hafiz Muhammad Uzair; Park, Soo‐Jin; Binns, Michael

doi:10.3390/en13215668

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…where N is the number of species in the gas stream. Tables S2-S4 (Supplementary Materials) compare the gas composition obtained in the pilot plant and those predicted by the stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric models, including the RMS values estimated from Equation ( 4) [35]. The comparison was made for different sets of SR, SBR and temperature values.…”

Section: Modelling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Analysis of Biomass Gasification Using Aspen Plus: Comparison of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Models

et al. 2021

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The gasification process involves several reactions that occur simultaneously and are interrelated by several independent variables. Simulation tools can help us to understand the process behaviour and predict the efficiency and final composition of the products. In this work, two thermodynamic equilibrium models developed in Aspen Plus® software were assessed: a non-stoichiometric model based on the feedstock composition and on the most probable compounds expected from the results of the gasification process using minimisation of Gibbs free energy and a stoichiometric model based on a set of chemical reactions considered as the most relevant to describe the gasification process. Both models were validated with experimental data from a bubbling fluidised bed semi-pilot scale gasifier using pine kernel shells (PKS) as feedstock. The influence of temperature, stoichiometric ratio (SR) and steam to biomass ratio (SBR) were analysed. Overall, predictions of the gas composition and gasification efficiency parameters by the stoichiometric model showed better agreement to the experimental results. Our results point out the significance of an accurate description of the equilibrium composition of producer gas with the stoichiometric model for the gasification of biomass.

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Section: Modelling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Analysis of Biomass Gasification Using Aspen Plus: Comparison of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Models

et al. 2021

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“…55,56 Syngas derived from biomass gasification typically has various types and amounts of impurities, depending on the oxidizing agent, feedstock type and operating conditions. 8,57 Tar, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and nitric oxide are the most prevalent biomass gasification by-products. 8 Many of these contaminants, including those at extremely low concentrations, can limit the acetogenic bacteria activity.…”

Section: Substrates and Energy Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and development of syngas fermentation processes toward commercial bioethanol production

Owoade

Alshami

Levin

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Syngas is created through the thermochemical conversion of biomass using gasification or pyrolysis and from CO‐rich off‐gases obtained from industries such as steel mills. The Wood–Ljungdahl metabolic pathway, or one of its variations, is used by acetogenic bacteria to convert syngas components (CO, H2, and CO2) to alcohols and other compounds. Many factors affect how well syngas is fermented, including the bacteria species used, syngas composition, medium components, bioreactor type, operational parameters used and the gas–liquid mass transfer rate. These parameters impact carbon and electron flow in the bacteria, influencing the distribution, concentration and metabolic end‐product yield, which determines process feasibility. This article focuses on gas composition, microorganisms, gas–liquid mass transfer fermentation strategies, medium design and commercialization activities to develop the syngas fermentation processes.

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“…However, coal combustion is considered one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. These emissions can be significantly reduced by replacing coal with biomass, as biomass is considered a CO 2 -neutral fuel [2]. In addition, Energies 2022, 15, 7483 2 of 14 synthesis gas can be obtained from biomass, which can be used to produce environmentally friendly liquid fuels [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Behavior of Sunflower Husk Ash after Its Processing by Various Torrefaction Methods

Isemin

Tabet²,

Nebyvaev

et al. 2022

Energies

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Biomass can be considered an alternative to coal in the production of heat and electricity. Many types of biomass are waste from agriculture and the food industry. This waste is cheap, readily available, and replenished annually. However, most agricultural and food industry wastes (sugar cane pulp, olive and sunflower oil production wastes, straw, etc.) have ash with a low melting point. This leads to a rapid growth of ash deposits on the heating surfaces of boilers; as a result, the actual efficiency of boilers in which waste from agriculture and the food industry is burned is 45–50%. Known biomass pre-treatment technologies that allow for the fuel characteristics of biowaste. For example, leaching of biowaste in water at a temperature of 80–240 °С makes it possible to drastically reduce the content of alkali metal compounds in the ash, the presence of which reduces the melting point of the ash. However, this biomass pre-treatment technology is complex and requires additional costs for drying the treated biomass. We proposed to use torrefaction for pre-treatment of biomass, which makes it possible to increase the heat of combustion of biomass, increase the hydrophobicity of biomass, and reduce the cost of grinding it. However, we are not aware of studies that have studied the effect of torrefaction on the chemical composition of ash from the point of view of solving the problem of preventing the formation of agglomerates and reducing the growth rate of ash deposits on the convective heating surfaces of boilers. In this paper, the characteristics of sunflower husk subjected to torrefaction in an environment of superheated steam at a temperature of 300 °С and in an environment of gaseous products at a temperature of 250 °С are studied. All experiments were conducted using fluidized bed technology. The resulting biochar has a calorific value of 14.8–23% higher than the initial husk. To assess the behavior of sunflower husk ash, predictive coefficients were calculated. Torrefaction of sunflower husks does not exclude the possibility of slagging of the furnace but reduces the likelihood of slagging by 2.31–7.27 times. According to calculations, the torrefaction of sunflower husks reduces the likelihood of ash deposits on the convective heating surfaces of the boiler by 2.1–12.2 times. According to its fuel characteristics, the husk, after torrefaction in an environment of superheated steam, approaches wood waste, i.e., can be burned separately without additives or mixtures with other fuels with refractory ash.

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Biomass to Syngas: Modified Non-Stoichiometric Thermodynamic Models for the Downdraft Biomass Gasification

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Thermodynamic Analysis of Biomass Gasification Using Aspen Plus: Comparison of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Models

Thermodynamic Analysis of Biomass Gasification Using Aspen Plus: Comparison of Stoichiometric and Non-Stoichiometric Models

Progress and development of syngas fermentation processes toward commercial bioethanol production

Prediction of the Behavior of Sunflower Husk Ash after Its Processing by Various Torrefaction Methods

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