Biomass production and allocation, including fine-root turnover, and annual N uptake in lysimeter-grown basket willows

Rytter, Rose-Marie

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00319-4

Cited by 81 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The biomass and N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg concentration estimates of willow stool, fine and coarse root 21 tissues in this study are within the range of values reported in the literature [51,68,81,86,[94][95][96]125]. Tables 5 and 6].…”

Section: Leaf Litter and Below-ground Biomass Nutrients 20supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Total N, P, K, 28 Estimates of annual nutrient output from the plant available soil nutrient pool through accumulated leaf 4 litter nutrients at each site were taken from Hangs et al [44]. In a separate companion study, Stadnyk 5 [107] measured the fine and coarse root biomass of all varieties at each site and these values were 6 supplemented with relative biomass proportions among stems, stool, and fine/coarse root fractions 7 reported in the literature [41,95], to estimate the annual below-ground biomass within each plantation 8 throughout the rotation. The decomposition of stool and coarse root biomass was considered to be 9 negligible throughout the rotation [82,96], with the nutrient content of these two biomass sinks only 10 estimated at the end of the rotation.…”

Section: Nutrient Inputs Through Atmospheric Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below-ground biomass nutrient sinks (e.g., stool, fine and coarse root nutrient contents) and 28 annual nutrient transfers from fine-root turnover to the plant available nutrient pools at each site were 29 estimated using relative proportion and minirhizotron data collected during the rotation [107] and also 30 supplemented with literature values [86,95,96]. Nutrient resorption during fine root senescence was 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 assumed to be negligible [4,79]; therefore, all fine root nutrients were considered available for cycling 1 back into the soil.…”

Section: Nutrient Inputs Through Atmospheric Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Rotation Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling within Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Plantations in Saskatchewan, Canada

et al. 2014

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Abstract:Although numerous studies have quantified different social, economic, energetic, and environmental benefits associated with short-rotation coppice (SRC) willow plantations, comprehensive assessments of nutrient cycling are rare. The objective of this study was to examine the biomass production and attendant biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) during the initial four-year rotation of six willow varieties grown at four locations along a 500 km north-south pedoclimatic gradient within Saskatchewan, Canada. Nutrient budgets consisted of quantifying various nutrient inputs (e.g., atmospheric deposition and soil mineral weathering), outputs (e.g., fine and coarse root biomass, leaf biomass, harvested biomass, leaching, and denitrification), and transfers (e.g., soil organic matter mineralization, canopy exchange, leaf litter decomposition, and fine root turnover) associated with the plant available soil nutrient pool. Total above-and below-ground production during the rotation was approximately 40 Mg ha-1, with calculated soil nutrient budget deficits (i.e., nutrient outputs > inputs + transfers) of 17, 39, 112, 271, and 74 kg ha-1 for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively, averaged across the varieties and sites, but a soil S surplus of 60 kg ha-1. While soil nutrient budget deficits varied among sites, there were no significant differences (P >0.05) among willow varieties. Despite the relatively low nutrient-demanding nature of willow and negligible leaching or denitrification losses, nutrient export in harvested biomass over multiple rotations will require soil nutrient amendments to maintain SRC willow productivity, particularly N and P, albeit a fraction of the amount required for annual agronomic crops. Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation

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Section: Leaf Litter and Below-ground Biomass Nutrients 20supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Nutrient Inputs Through Atmospheric Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutrient Inputs Through Atmospheric Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Rotation Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling within Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Plantations in Saskatchewan, Canada

et al. 2014

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“…Although both 2014 and 2015 recorded greater-than-average (1981-2010) annual temperature and rainfall (+ 1.5°C and + 191 mm in 2014; + 0.7°C and + 48 mm in 2015), in March and April prior to sampling in 2015, rainfall had been up to 50% lower than average [29]. The root system of willows, particularly under the 2-year SRC regime, may have developed to the full extent prior to the first measurement after 4 years such that subsequent root growth was balanced by turnover, as observed by others [35]. Total above-ground yield for both willow varieties Fig.…”

Section: Bioenergy Crop Root Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Species and Genotype Effects of Bioenergy Crops on Root Production, Carbon and Nitrogen in Temperate Agricultural Soil

et al. 2018

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Bioenergy crops have a secondary benefit if they increase soil organic C (SOC) stocks through capture and allocation belowground. The effects of four genotypes of short-rotation coppice willow (Salix spp., 'Terra Nova' and 'Tora') and Miscanthus (M. × giganteus ('Giganteus') and M. sinensis ('Sinensis')) on roots, SOC and total nitrogen (TN) were quantified to test whether below-ground biomass controls SOC and TN dynamics. Soil cores were collected under ('plant') and between plants ('gap') in a field experiment on a temperate agricultural silty clay loam after 4 and 6 years' management. Root density was greater under Miscanthus for plant (up to 15.5 kg m −3 ) compared with gap (up to 2.7 kg m −3 ), whereas willow had lower densities (up to 3.7 kg m −3 ). Over 2 years, SOC increased below 0.2 m depth from 7.1 to 8.5 kg m −3 and was greatest under Sinensis at 0-0.1 m depth (24.8 kg m −3 ). Miscanthus-derived SOC, based on stable isotope analysis, was greater under plant (11.6 kg m −3 ) than gap (3.1 kg m −3 ) for Sinensis. Estimated SOC stock change rates over the 2-year period to 1-m depth were 6.4 for Terra Nova, 7.4 for Tora, 3.1 for Giganteus and 8.8 Mg ha −1 year −1 for Sinensis. Rates of change of TN were much less. That SOC matched root mass down the profile, particularly under Miscanthus, indicated that perennial root systems are an important contributor. Willow and Miscanthus offer both biomass production and C sequestration when planted in arable soil.

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“…An equal stem growth distribution of 25% per year was assumed for the 4-year coppice. By using the distribution of annual net primary production (NPP) [26], the quantity of leaves, fine roots and coarse roots was calculated ( Table 2). …”

Section: Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Impact of Willow Grown for Bioenergy in Sweden

et al. 2014

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Short rotation coppice willow (SRCW) is a fast-growing and potentially high-yielding energy crop. Transition to bioenergy has been identified in Sweden as one strategy to mitigate climate change and decrease the current dependency on fossil fuel. In this study, life cycle assessment was used to evaluate and compare the climate impacts of SRCW systems, for the purpose to evaluate key factors influencing the climate change mitigation potential of SRCW grown on agricultural land in Sweden. Seven different scenarios were defined and analysed to identify the factors most influencing the climate. A carbon balance model was used to model carbon fluxes between soil, biomass and atmosphere under Swedish growing conditions. The results indicated that SRCW can act as a temporary carbon sink and therefore has a mitigating effect on climate change. The most important factor in obtaining a high climate change mitigating effect was shown to be high yield. Low yield gave the worst mitigating effect of the seven scenarios but it was still better than the effect of the reference systems, district heating produced from coal or natural gas.

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Biomass production and allocation, including fine-root turnover, and annual N uptake in lysimeter-grown basket willows

Cited by 81 publications

References 45 publications

First Rotation Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling within Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Plantations in Saskatchewan, Canada

First Rotation Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling within Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Plantations in Saskatchewan, Canada

Species and Genotype Effects of Bioenergy Crops on Root Production, Carbon and Nitrogen in Temperate Agricultural Soil

Climate Impact of Willow Grown for Bioenergy in Sweden

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