Biomass for biofuel: Understanding the risks and opportunities for Ontario agriculture.

Deen, Bill

doi:10.1139/cjps-2016-0401

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A considerable amount of academic research focuses on the role of agriculture and forestry in sustainable development and investigates important energy-related issues. For example, Arabatzis and Malesios (2013), Deen (2017), Kolovos et al (2011), Kyriakopoulos et al (2010aKyriakopoulos et al ( , 2010b, Procentese et al (2019) and Usmani (2020) investigate biofuel potential-related issues in forestry or agriculture and challenges of the switch to renewable energy, while Dauber and Miyake (2016) focus on strategies that show the nexus between food, energy crops and biodiversity issues. The sustainability assessment of other economic sectors is also important due to the recent initiatives on combating the climate change and improving resilience (Turturean et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sustainability prism of structural changes in the European Union agricultural system: The nexus between production, employment and energy emissions

Jurkėnaitė¹,

Baležentis²,

Štreimikienė³

2021

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Over the recent decades, the evolution of the European Union (EU) agricultural system has resulted in significant structural changes in member states. Knowledge about the nature and main patterns of structural change is critical to select a sustainable development path for the EU agriculture. This paper contributes to the academic discourse on structural changes in agriculture demonstrating the nexus between socioeconomic and environmental aspects of development. In this regard, results are important to understand the contribution of the EU agriculture to climate change, because study deals with energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. The research covers period from 2008 to 2018 and investigates the fundamental structural change measures, namely, gross value added, labour and agriculture-related energy emissions, in EU member states. Structural changes are investigated applying a shift-share analysis that allows calculating a performance of individual member states, compared to the EU economy. The applied shift-share model investigates the situation of individual member states employing three components. The first component tracks the development of the selected measures with the EU economy growth, the second component shows the change due to effect of economic activities and the third shows competitiveness of agriculture in member states. The shift-share analysis empowers ranking member states in accordance with their progress towards the sustainable development. Findings suggest that EU economy faces the outflow of labour from agriculture and this trend is common for most countries. The changes of gross value added and emissions for fuel combustion demonstrate both upward and downward trends. However, research results suggest that new member states often face more fundamental changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sustainability prism of structural changes in the European Union agricultural system: The nexus between production, employment and energy emissions

Jurkėnaitė¹,

Baležentis²,

Štreimikienė³

2021

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“…WSG biomass can also be used as livestock bedding, as an ingredient of mushroom compost [3] or as a horticultural mulch [4]. Marsal et al [5], Deen [6] and Bazrgar et al [7] proposed that WSGs are the most suitable biomass crops to be grown in southern Ontario, especially on marginal lands, due to their high yields and low nutrient requirements. Additionally, they have a broad range in climatic tolerance and provide additional environmental benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, they have a broad range in climatic tolerance and provide additional environmental benefits. WSGs are cultivated similarly to common Ontario hay and forage crops, thus do not require additional specialized farm equipment [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Switchgrass and Miscanthus to Enhance Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration—Predicted by DayCent Model

Jarecki

Kariyapperuma

Deen

et al. 2020

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Warm season perennial C4 grasses (WSGs), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and miscanthus species (Miscanthus spp.), have been reported to positively influence short-term (15–20 years) soil organic carbon (SOC). In this study, the DayCent model was used to predict changes in long-term SOC stocks under WSGs for moderate (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5) and high (RCP 8.5) warming climate change scenarios in southern Ontario, Canada, and to determine how long the enhanced SOC stock will last when WSGs are converted back to annual crop rotation. The model predicted that a consistent corn–corn–soybean–winter wheat (CCSW) rotation prevented SOC from depletion over the 21st century. Under WSGs, the model predicted high rates of SOC sequestration during the first 20–30 years which then tended to stabilize after 50–60 years. However, the rate of SOC sequestration over 90 years for RCP 4.5 was 0.26 and 0.94 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 for switchgrass and miscanthus, respectively. If 40-year stands of WSGs are converted back to CCSW, the model predicted SOC decline to the previous level in 40–50 years. DayCent predicted that under RCP 8.5 scenario in the second half of the 21st century and in the future, there will be a reduction in SOC stocks, especially under miscanthus stands.

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Biofuel Benefit or Bummer? A Review Comparing Environmental Effects, Economics, and Feasibility of North American Native Perennial Grass and Traditional Annual Row Crops When Used for Biofuel

Jacot¹,

Williams

Kiniry

2021

Agronomy

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While biofuels have been touted as a benefit for growers—with the ability to be planted on marginal lands, for improved wildlife habitat, to sustain soils, and to reduce runoff—there remains to be a general summary of how beneficial they really are. This paper aims to review the environmental effects, feasibility, and economic aspects of using native perennial grasses in North America as biofuels as opposed to traditional annual crops. The Scopus database was used to search for manuscripts relating to each topic. In some instances, very few results appeared, so a second database, Digitop, was also used. Native perennial grasses have been found to sequester carbon and cultivating them can create a carbon sink in the soil. Overall, wildlife benefit more by having native perennial grass for biofuels planted than annual maize and having fewer harvests a season is better for wildlife over the entire year. Economically, growing native perennial grasses can be advantageous especially on marginal land, where it has a comparatively high yield. Although the second-generation biofuel supply chain is susceptible to changing market prices, it can be made more resilient and has advantages, for example resistance against the impacts of drought. Although there are many cultivars to choose from, factors like climate, soil, and genetics can provide pertinent information to match each specimen’s ideal growing conditions to the right location.

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Biomass for biofuel: Understanding the risks and opportunities for Ontario agriculture.

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

The sustainability prism of structural changes in the European Union agricultural system: The nexus between production, employment and energy emissions

The sustainability prism of structural changes in the European Union agricultural system: The nexus between production, employment and energy emissions

The Potential of Switchgrass and Miscanthus to Enhance Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration—Predicted by DayCent Model

Biofuel Benefit or Bummer? A Review Comparing Environmental Effects, Economics, and Feasibility of North American Native Perennial Grass and Traditional Annual Row Crops When Used for Biofuel

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