Biomass conversion through torrefaction

Nordin, Anders; Pommer, Linda; Olofsson, Ingemar; Nordwaeger, Martin

doi:10.1201/b14561-8

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The pretreatment method torrefaction has gained extensive attention in the last years as the above-mentioned characteristics are significantly improved and as the resulting biomass product more closely resembles coal quality [5]. Torrefaction is a thermal pretreatment method operated in oxygen deficient/reduced atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure and where the biomass is heated to between 200°C and 350°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Torrefaction is a thermal pretreatment method operated in oxygen deficient/reduced atmosphere, at atmospheric pressure and where the biomass is heated to between 200°C and 350°C. Residence time for torrefaction is claimed to be anywhere between a few minutes and 3 h [5]. The torrefied solid product is more brittle [6], less fibrous after milling [7], has higher energy density, is reported to be hydrophobic [8] and is more resistant against fungal attack [9] compared to raw biomass and could therefore be easier to transport, handle, store and feed into end-use processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of temperature and residence time on continuous torrefaction of spruce wood

Strandberg

Olofsson

Pommer

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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134

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature and residence time on continuous torrefaction of spruce wood

Strandberg

Olofsson

Pommer

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

Self Cite

134

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“…The torrefaction of different biogenic materials is a mild pyrolysis process [12] already reported by several authors, who highlighted the benefits of producing a stable compound, the torrefied biomass, with enhanced properties in terms of high carbon and low oxygen content, larger heating values and improved combustion behavior [13]. Furthermore, the torrefied biomass may be easily grinded and pelletized, alone or in combination with other biomass feedstock, yielding a standard commodity fuel for industrial or civil use [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pressurized Steam Conversion of Biomass Residues for Liquid Hydrocarbons Generation

et al. 2021

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Biomass residues are often considered as a resource if conveniently converted in fuel and alternative feedstock for chemical processes, and their conversion into valuable products may occur by different pathways. This work is focused on the thermochemical conversion at moderate temperature and in steam atmosphere, a mild process in comparison to hydrothermal liquefaction, followed by extraction of soluble products in a solvent. Such process has been already applied to various residues and here extended to the case of marc, the residual pomace from wine making, largely produced worldwide. A pressurized batch reactor was used for the quantitative determination of produced solid and liquid fractions, and their qualitative characterization was performed by instrumental analyses. The pressurized steam conversion of marc was effective, providing a yield in liquid fraction, upon extraction in solvent, up to 30% of the raw dried biomass. The use of polar and nonpolar solvent for the extraction of the liquid fraction was inspected. Applied operating conditions, namely residence time in the batch reactor and extraction modality, showed a significant influence on the process performance. In particular, long residence and extraction times and use of nonpolar solvent substantially improved the yield in liquid fraction.

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“…Food, plastic, wood waste and waste tires can be used as raw materials for torrefaction-mild and slow low-temperature pyrolysis (200-350 • C) [46]. The main target product of the process is the char, yield of which decreases with increasing the process temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Feasibility of the Organic Municipal Solid Waste Processing by Coking

2019

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In the context of transition to a circular economy, one of the strategic priorities is the development of technological innovations aimed at waste processing. In this study, the foundations have been developed for a low-temperature, environmentally safe method for efficient processing of organic municipal solid waste, which may be further applied for processing both municipal and industrial waste organics in order to obtain liquid products. The maximum yield of liquid products is ensured when conducting the coking of a mixture of organic waste with long residuum in the temperature range of 400-420 • C, with a heating rate of 5-70 • C/min, and with an optimal heating time to the coking temperature of 80 min. Recommendations on the use of the waste recycling products are given. The proposed process is consistent with the principles of circular economy and does not require external energy costs because the energy needed for the process is generated by burning the gas produced during the waste coking. The process does not produce emissions into the environment and, in combination with standard refining processes, can be used to obtain commercial petroleum products.Thermal methods of waste processing include incineration, torrefaction, pyrolysis, gasification [8,12]. The disadvantage of thermal waste processing methods is their high costs. These methods do not provide environmental safety of the process, and the products obtained are not suitable for use without additional quality improvement with the help of expensive processes. For instance, to increase the thermal efficiency of energy production from moisture-containing waste by pyrolysis and gasification, preliminary drying of raw materials is required, which increases operating costs. In thermal processing of waste, secondary slags are formed that require further utilization or disposal. The exhaust gases contain toxic compounds and require neutralization. Environmental impact caused by the processes of generating energy from waste was analyzed in review [13]. The points among all are local impacts from wood combustion and processes of the solid recovered fuel generation, also it should be noted that the innovative technologies applied to thermochemical processes at the waste-to-energy plants do not give absolute advantages in preventing environmental pollution.Processing of MSW is considered also as an opportunity to produce motor fuels, olefins and aromatic compounds [14,15]. In view of the fact that municipal solid waste can also contain non-combustible substances, there is a problem with the necessity of an expensive pre-treatment stage [16].There are a number of studies on thermal and catalytic decomposition of plastic waste [17][18][19][20][21][22]. The quality of plastic waste products derived through pyrolysis depends on the composition of the raw materials, and the effect of catalysts [19,23]. Joint catalytic processing of plastic waste and heavy oil residues is considered as a possible way to obtain fuel oil [24]. Cai et al. [25] offer alternative techn...

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Biomass conversion through torrefaction

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of temperature and residence time on continuous torrefaction of spruce wood

Effects of temperature and residence time on continuous torrefaction of spruce wood

Pressurized Steam Conversion of Biomass Residues for Liquid Hydrocarbons Generation

An Investigation of the Feasibility of the Organic Municipal Solid Waste Processing by Coking

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