Biomarkers of Multiorgan Injury in Neonatal Encephalopathy

Abstract

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a major contributor to neurodevelopmental deficits including cerebral palsy in term and near-term infants. The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome is difficult to predict with certainty in first few days of life. Multiorgan involvement is common but not part of the diagnostic criteria for NE. The most frequently involved organs are the heart, liver, kidneys and hematological system. Cerebral and organ involvement is associated with the release of organ specific biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. These biomarkers may have a role in the assessment of the severity of asphyxia and long-term outcome in neonates with NE.

Short-term effects of cannabidiol after global hypoxia-ischemia in newborn piglets

“…The degree of myocardial and renal injury after neonatal HI can be reliably determined by biomarkers (27). Plasma levels of cardiac troponin-T have been shown to be significantly higher in nonsurvivors and neonates with abnormal MRI findings following neonatal HI (28).…”

“…This results in a more global insult with severe multiorgan involvement as reflected in the degree of hypotension, metabolic acidosis, and also increase in troponin-T and uNGAL. Multiorgan involvement is common in newborns with HIE (27) and our model thus allow us to study effects that might not be fully accounted for in models relying on more localized brain damage with milder hypoxia accompanied by acute reversible bilateral common artery occlusion.…”

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“…Hypoxic and ischemic complications during the pre-and perinatal period cause acquired neonatal brain damage associated with different grades of poliorgan insufficiency 21 . Although the neonatal brain is one of the most vulnerable organs due to its high energy and oxygen consumption, hypoxic ischemia has been implicated in the breakdown of the intestinal epithelial barrier, which can lead to bacterial translocation 22,23 .…”

Biomarker Discovery by Mass Spectrometry in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma after Global Hypoxia-Ischemia in Newborn Piglets

“…Biomarkers may also be used as proxies for long-term neurodevelopmental outcome when evaluating new treatments. Several candidates from adult traumatic brain injury studies have been investigated as potential NE biomarkers [2,3]. These include protein S100-B (S100B) [4] and neuron-specific enolase.…”