Biomarkers for Great Lakes priority contaminants: halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons.

Feeley, Mark

doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s97

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Many blood analytes such as glucose, proteins, cholesterol and triglycerides serve as indicators of the nutritional status of wild birds and nutritional deficiency may decrease immunocompetence (Newman et al, 1997). PCBs and some organochlorines seem to interfere with the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates (Ferrando and Andreu-Moliner, 1991;Feeley, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Champoux¹,

Rodrigue²,

Trudeau

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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In 1996-1997, nine breeding colonies of the great blue heron on the St. Lawrence River and its estuary (Québec, Canada) were investigated in the framework of a biomonitoring program. Fledglings from colonies in freshwater were more contaminated with mercury, PCBs and many organic contaminants than those from estuarine colonies. The level of contamination in the St. Lawrence River is generally below the levels of toxicological effects for the great blue heron. The molar ratio of retinol: retinyl palmitate in heron eggs was correlated with total PCBs (r=0.79) and Mirex (r=0.90). In plasma, all biochemical parameters were significantly different between freshwater and marine colonies. Plasma retinol concentrations at the Dickerson and Hérons colonies were significantly lower compared with those at Grande Ile (p<0.05) and Steamboat (p<0.001). Based on retinoid and beta-carotene concentrations in eggs, low plasma retinol was not associated with possible dietary deficiency. Plasma retinol was negatively correlated with many PCB congeners, total PCBs (r=-0.78), p,p'-DDE, trans-nonachlor and alpha-HCH. Similarly, the hormone T3 was correlated with many PCB congeners, total PCBs (r=-0.69) and the same organochlorine chemicals. Plasma LDH concentrations were different among freshwater colonies, Grande Ile and Hérons colonies having LDH values significantly greater than those of Steamboat (respectively, p<0.05 and p<0.01). Globally, the health status of the St. Lawrence great blue heron population was judged to be acceptable, however, several biomarkers indicated positive responses to contaminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Champoux¹,

Rodrigue²,

Trudeau

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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“…milk can be a source of exposure for infants that not only reflects a subset of maternal food consumption exposures (primarily lipid extractable constituents) but also maternal exposures to an array of exogenous chemical compounds including drugs, occupational and environmental metals, solvents, and pesticides (57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62). Analyses of breast milk residue that have focused on fat-soluble residues have demonstrated the presence of polyhalogenated biphenyls, dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, and the organochlorine pesticides (e.g., DDT), lindane, hexachlorocyclohexane, dieldrin) in milk from mothers worldwide, reflecting global transport of these compounds (57,(63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69). Recognition that many of these compounds are environmentally persistent has resulted in regulatory controls and in generally declining residue levels in humans for polychlorinated biphenyls and DDT.…”

Section: Types and Frequency Ofexposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Children's Susceptibility to Environmental Toxicants

Faustman¹,

Silbernagel²,

Fenske³

et al. 2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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An important public health challenge has been the need to protect children's health. To accomplish this goal, the scientific community needs scientifically based child-specific risk assessment methods. Critical to their development is the need to understand mechanisms underlying children's sensitivity to environmental toxicants. Risk is defined as the probability of adverse outcome and when applied to environmental risk assessment is usually defined as a function of both toxicity and exposure. To adequately evaluate the potential for enhanced health risks during development, both child-specific factors affecting toxicity and exposure need to be considered. In the first section of this article, example mechanisms of susceptibility relevant for toxicity assessment are identified and discussed. In the second section, examples of exposure factors that help define children's susceptibility are presented. Examples of pesticide research from the newly funded Child Health Center at the University of Washington will be given for illustration. The final section discusses the importance of putting these considerations of children's susceptibility into an overall framework for ascertaining relevancy for human risk assessment.

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“…Yet, it is only the skin effects of TCDD exposure, especially chloracne, a specific type of acne‐like disease, that are the most consistent manifestation of dioxin intoxication – indeed a ‘hallmark’ of TCDD exposure (2). Owing to specific features pathognomonic for dioxin skin toxicity (high correlation of severity with the level of dioxin exposure, short incubation period, persistence and specific anatomic localization), chloracne is considered to be among the most reliable biomarkers of TCDD toxicity in humans (3). Over the past 75 years, chloracne outbreaks have occurred in the setting of industrial and non‐industrial accidents involving substantial numbers of people around the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

Panteleyev

Bickers

2006

Experimental Dermatology

130

120

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: 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) is among the most toxic pollutants known to date that serves as a prototype for a group of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds characterized by extraordinary environmental persistence and unique ability to concentrate in animal and human tissues. TCDD can elicit a complex array of pleiotropic adverse effects in humans, although chloracne, a specific type of acne‐like skin disease, is the only consistent manifestation of dioxin intoxication, thus representing a ‘hallmark’ of TCDD exposure. Chloracne is considered to be one of the most specific and sensitive biomarkers of TCDD intoxication that allows clinical and epidemiological evaluation of exposure level at threshold doses. The specific cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of chloracne are still unknown. In this review, we summarize the available clinical data on chloracne and recent progress in understanding the role of the dioxin‐dependent pathway in the control of gene transcription and discuss molecular and cellular events potentially involved in chloracne pathogenesis. We propose that the dioxin‐induced activation of skin stem cells and a shift in differentiation commitment of their progeny may represent a major mechanism of chloracne development.

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Biomarkers for Great Lakes priority contaminants: halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: One of the major goals of the Great Lakes Action Plan is to actively accumulate and assess toxicological information on persistent toxic substances found in the Great Lakes basin.

Cited by 17 publications

References 93 publications

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Mechanisms Underlying Children's Susceptibility to Environmental Toxicants

Dioxin‐induced chloracne – reconstructing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of a classic environmental disease

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