Biolubricant production from palm stearin through enzymatic transesterification method

Afifah, A.N.; Syahrullail, S.; Azlee, Nur Izyan Wan; Sidik, Nor Azwadi Che; Yahya, Wira Jazair; Rahim, Erween Abd

doi:10.1016/j.bej.2019.05.009

Cited by 67 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Transesterification method has received significant attention among scientists and researchers to develop biolubricants from palm oil, including its by-products. Afifah et al [27] conducted an enzymatic reaction to biolubricant from a by-product of a palm oil mill. Candida antartica lipase was used as a catalyst in a solvent-free system to transesterify palm stearin and methanol.…”

Section: Production Process Of Bio-lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of potential production of bio-lubricant in Indonesia

Mairiza

Zuhra

Khadafi

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The European Union’s embargo on Indonesian crude palm oil (CPO) has resulted in excess of domestic palm oil reserves. The embargo has resulted in a build-up of domestic CPO due to the fact that the majority of Indonesia’s CPO production is exported overseas. The CPO price has dropped in recent months as a result of CPO overstock. On the other hand, as a by-product of rice production, Indonesia produces millions of tons of rice bran. The bran is treated more as waste than a resource for raw material to produce valuable products, such as bran oil. The need for lubricants in Indonesia is expected to rise as the number of cars and industries grows. As a result, some lubricant requirements must be met through importation because domestic manufacturing is insufficient. Palm oil and bran oil are both excellent candidates for conversion into biolubricants. This paper looks at the possibility of biolubricant production in Indonesia using alternate raw materials rather than petroleum-based sources. The paper begins by detailing the country’s lubricant demand, then moves on to the probable availability of biolubricant raw materials in Indonesia, and finally to the biolubricant process production method.

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Section: Production Process Of Bio-lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of potential production of bio-lubricant in Indonesia

Mairiza

Zuhra

Khadafi

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Afifah et al similarly prepared a biolubricant by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of palm oil. The biolubricant has shown superior viscosity and friction properties compared to the commercial lubricant available [ 19 ]. Moreira et al prepared green lubricant using Moringa Oleifera by esterification with polyols, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antioxidant Extracted Waste Cooking Oil as Sustainable Biolubricant Formulation in Tribological and Rheological Applications

Singh

Agarwal

Porwal

2022

Waste Biomass Valor

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Developing eco-friendly formulations using waste cooking oil as renewable biomass is of great interest and commercial importance in the fuels and lubricant industry. This manuscript reports novel study on preparing a biolubricant formulations as WCO-1, WCO-2 and WCO-3 by blending the curcumin extracted soybean waste cooking oil in three different compositions viz 10%, 20%, 30% v/v with the mineral base oil N-150. Curcumin was extracted as a natural antioxidant in 0.5 wt% waste cooking oil to inhibit thermal oxidation. This study comprises a detailed analysis in terms of tribological, rheological and thermophysical characteristics such as viscosity, viscosity index, pour point and flash point parameters of the biolubricant by standard ASTM methods. Further, tribological and rheological analysis was done by the four-ball wear tester and Anton Paar, MCR-72, respectively. The thermophysical evaluation of WCO formulated biolubricant has shown excellent properties. The viscosity index of the formulated biolubricant increases with an increase in the concentration of waste cooking oil. In contrast, the pour point has also been depressing at lower temperature conditions. Thus, WCO based biolubricant was found to be more effective at extreme temperature conditions than the mineral base oil (N-150). Rheological studies have indicated the non-Newtonian behaviour of the biolubricant with an increase in shear rate. Whereas, tribological analysis demonstrates that wear scar diameter has significantly reduced from 0.685 to 0.573 mm, and the coefficient of friction decreased from 0.117 to 0.080 with respect to the mineral base oil. Thus, a straightforward green approach has been discovered by directly utilizing waste cooking oil for biolubricant formulation. Graphical abstract

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“…The poor oxidation stability of vegetable oil makes it unsuitable for use as a bio lubricant [1]. Afifah and her friends [2] stated that the global awareness of declining environmental health, climate change, increasing energy demand, and crude petroleum reserve depletion has increased motivation and the need for sustainable resources. According to Azman and Samion [3], the introduction of nanotechnology has resulted in a significant number of experimental studies into the use of nanoparticles as lubricant additives over the last few decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It indicates that the workpiece roughness is lower than the Commercial metal forming oil (CMFO); additionally, the wear scar observation demonstrates that the CMFO has a lot of wear on the workpiece surface. Afifah and her friends [2] developed innovative technology in 2019 to create a new bio lubricant from a by-product of palm oil by using a catalyst for the transesterification reaction of palm stearin with methanol. Later, Kiu et al, [10] confirmed that adding graphene to vegetable oil improved tribological properties by lowering friction coefficient and wear scar diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of RBD Palm Oil as a Lubricant in Textured Journal Bearing using CFD with Consideration of Cavitation and Conjugate Heat Transfer

Rasep

Yazid

Samion

et al. 2022

CFDL

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The revolution of tribology technology involved lubricant has driven researchers recently due to strict environmental policy. RBD palm oil has remarkable properties that can improve the performance of plain or textured journal bearings. At the same time, surface texture modification can improve journal bearing performance. The potential of RBD palm oil as an environmentally friendly lubricant in textured journal-bearing applications was investigated in this case study. ANSYS FLUENT was chosen as a method of analysis. The validation study was compared with experimental data to validate the correct approach with actual journal bearing. In addition, the cavitation model and conjugate heat transfer were considered in this case study. Results revealed that RBD Palm oil performed well when the surface texture was introduced at the divergent area as compared to convergent area and plain journal bearing. The suitable condition of textured journal bearing needs to be chosen correctly to optimize the maximum film pressure of journal bearing load and load-carrying capacity of journal bearing. The optimum condition of a textured journal bearing is when the rotational speed of the journal bearing is above 800 rpm, and the eccentricity ratio is above 0.3. In conclusion, combining the correct location of surface texture and the suitable parameter condition of journal bearing will make RBD palm oil perform well as a renewable source of lubricant in textured journal bearing applications.

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Biolubricant production from palm stearin through enzymatic transesterification method

Cited by 67 publications

References 39 publications

An overview of potential production of bio-lubricant in Indonesia

An overview of potential production of bio-lubricant in Indonesia

Natural Antioxidant Extracted Waste Cooking Oil as Sustainable Biolubricant Formulation in Tribological and Rheological Applications

Potential of RBD Palm Oil as a Lubricant in Textured Journal Bearing using CFD with Consideration of Cavitation and Conjugate Heat Transfer

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