Biology of Circulating Nucleic Acids and Possible Roles in Diagnosis and Treatment in Diabetes and Cancer

Gahan, P. B.

doi:10.2174/187152612804142224

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…Dying cells release DNA into the bloodstream contributing to the pool of circulating cfDNA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). cfDNA is an active biological agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several hypotheses concerning the origin of cfDNA, including the cell death hypothesis and the hypothesis that living cells actively secrete DNA as signaling molecules. CfDNA is a potential marker for pathological processes and is of importance for diagnostic purposes (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). cfDNA in a fetus was first reported to be present in maternal blood in 1997, when Lo et al (10) demonstrated that maternal plasma contains Y-chromosomal sequence of the male fetus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating cell-free DNA concentration and DNase I activity of peripheral blood plasma change in case of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal pregnancy

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The level of apoptosis is increased during pregnancy. Dying cells emit DNA that remains in blood circulation and is known as cell-free DNA (cfDNA). The concentration of cfDNA can reflect the level of cell death. The present article is the result of studying cfDNA concentration and DNase I activity in the blood plasma of 40 non-pregnant women (control), 40 healthy pregnant women (over 37 weeks) and 40 pregnant women with a diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In order to explain the obtained results, a program modeling the change of cfDNA concentration under the influence of different internal and external factors was written. It was reported that, despite the fact that the level of cell death is increased, cfDNA concentration in blood can be decreased due to activation of cfDNA elimination system. A significant increase of DNase I activity has been reported in cases of IUGR. Increase in DNase I activity over a certain threshold indicates presence of pathological processes in the organism. CfDNA circulating in blood cannot be a reliable marker of increased cell death during pregnancy. Thus, assessment of the level of cell death during pregnancy should be done by simultaneous analysis of cfDNA level and DNase I activity.

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“…Dying cells release DNA into the bloodstream contributing to the pool of circulating cfDNA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). cfDNA is an active biological agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating cell-free DNA concentration and DNase I activity of peripheral blood plasma change in case of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal pregnancy

et al. 2017

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“…-after acute events such as myocardial or cerebral stroke, burns or major trauma ( [209][210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217]; chapter "CNAPS and General Medicine") -the early detection of bacterial sepsis and the monitoring sepsis treatment [218][219][220] -viral infections in the acute and chronic stage [221,222] -the monitoring of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus [223][224][225][226] -metabolic disease such as diabetes mellitus (reviewed in [227]; chapter "Circulating Nucleic Acids and Diabetes Mellitus") -graft-versus-host disease after transplantation [228] -the early detection of preeclampsia [229,230] -the detection of cffDNA in maternal plasma during pregnancy ( [231,232];…”

Section: Other Areas Of Disease Monitoring By Cnapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CNAPS in Therapy Monitoring

Holdenrieder

2014

Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine

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Monitoring of disease state and of therapy response is highly relevant for efficient patient management. Monitoring tools comprise observation of clinical signs and performing specific examinations such as imaging or blood analyses. This review focusses on the relevance of blood-based biomarker monitoring by circulating nucleic acids for diverse indications that is exemplified on patients who develop or suffer from cancer disease. These indications include (i) screening of patient groups who have a risk to develop a disease, (ii) monitoring response to local or systemic therapies in patients with a defined diagnosis and (iii) early detection of disease recurrence after the primary therapy has ended. Useful biomarkers have to fulfill the highest methodical, pre-analytical and clinical quality criteria and have to be implemented in standardized patient management procedures. The current situation of circulating nucleic acids is summarized on the levels of genetic, epigenetic, transcript, non-coding RNA and nucleosome markers and an outlook is presented as to how these markers can be integrated into a future strategy that enables a personalized management of the patients.

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“…Nevertheless, other possible applications of this technology including early screening and monitoring of patients for conditions such as cancer and diabetes are being researched [57]. Non-invasive testing for screening purposes has a number of notable advantages over traditional tests.…”

Section: Circulating Cell Free Dna For Use In Early Diagnosis and Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, screening populations to detect any one of many potential DNA changes will require whole genome scanning with the associated generation of vast quantities of data [59]. Given that much of the work in this area is being conducted on a research basis, thorough validation of this approach will be required prior to its use as a screening, diagnostic or monitoring tool [57]. Additionally, there will be issues around data storage, who has access to the data, how long it should be stored for and in what format.…”

Section: Accuracy and Reliabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Societal Aspects: Ethics

Lewis

Chitty

2014

Advances in Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine

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Non-invasive techniques to diagnose genetic disease have advanced rapidly in recent years and include prenatal diagnosis for fetal aneuploidy and single gene disorders, and early screening and diagnosis for people affected by cancer and diabetes. In this chapter we consider some of the key ethical issues arising as a result of this new technology. We highlight how non-invasive testing offers a number of significant benefits to patients including safe and early testing. Issues that have been raised as concerns include the erosion of informed decision-making, pressure to test, testing for non-medical reasons or for information only and the broader societal impact that the widespread introduction of non-invasive testing may have. These are issues that should be considered when developing practice guidelines.

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Biology of Circulating Nucleic Acids and Possible Roles in Diagnosis and Treatment in Diabetes and Cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 152 publications

Circulating cell-free DNA concentration and DNase I activity of peripheral blood plasma change in case of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal pregnancy

Circulating cell-free DNA concentration and DNase I activity of peripheral blood plasma change in case of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal pregnancy

CNAPS in Therapy Monitoring

Societal Aspects: Ethics

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