Biology and morphology of immature stages of <i>Meteorus trachynotus</i> Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Thireau, Jean‐Claude; Régnière, Jacques; Cloutier, Conrad

doi:10.1139/z90-144

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…We examined 15 specimens of A. longifemoralis collected between 1931 and 1981. M. trachynotus is a midsize (0.1–0.3 mg dry weight) endoparasitoid of Choristoneura budworms in North America [22] . We examined 6 specimens of M. trachynotus collected either in 1914 or 1980.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Extraction from Museum Specimens of Parasitic Hymenoptera

Andersen

Mills²

2012

PLoS ONE

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At the same time that molecular researchers are improving techniques to extract DNA from museum specimens, this increased demand for access to museum specimens has created tension between the need to preserve specimens for maintaining collections and morphological research and the desire to conduct molecular analyses. To address these concerns, we examined the suitability of non-invasive DNA extraction techniques on three species of parasitic Hymenoptera (Braconidae), and test the effects of body size (parasitoid species), age (time since collection), and DNA concentration from each extract on the probability of amplifying meaningful fragments of two commonly used genetic loci. We found that age was a significant factor for determining the probability of success for sequencing both 28S and COI fragments. While the size of the braconid parasitoids significantly affected the total amount of extracted DNA, neither size nor DNA concentration were significant factors for the amplification of either gene region. We also tested several primer combinations of various lengths, but were unable to amplify fragments longer than ∼150 base pairs. These short fragments of 28S and COI were however sufficient for species identification, and for the discovery of within species genetic variation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Extraction from Museum Specimens of Parasitic Hymenoptera

Andersen

Mills²

2012

PLoS ONE

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“…This parasitoid has a wide host range within the Lepidoptera, and attacks several noctuid, geometrid and lymantriid species (Kotenko, 1976;Askew & Shaw, 1986;Goto et al, 1986). The meteorine wasps constitute a relatively under-researched assemblage, and although some information is available on some other species (Simmonds, 1947;Askari et al, 1977;Thireau et al, 1990), there is very little information on M. gyrator. Thus, with the exception of the studies of Bell et al (2000a) in larvae of the tomato moth, Lacanobia oleracea (L.), and those of El-Sheikh et al (1993) in larvae of Mythimna loreyi (Duponchel), no information is available on the performance of this parasitoid against other pest species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparative biology of the solitary endoparasitoid Meteorus gyrator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on five noctuid pest species

Smethurst¹,

Bell²,

Matthews³

et al. 2004

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The comparative biology of the solitary endoparasitoid Meteorus gyrator (Thun.) was investigated in five noctuid pest species. Meteorus gyrator parasitized all larval stages of the noctuid pests Lacanobia oleracea, Mamestra brassicae, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera littoralis and Chrysodeixis chalcites. When female parasitoids were offered host larvae of all developmental stages, host larvae in their third stadium were parasitized most frequently in all species. When the parasitoid was offered a choice of third stadium larvae from each of the five lepidopteran host species, L. oleracea was the most frequently parasitized, followed by M. brassicae. The growth of L. oleracea and M. brassicae was markedly reduced when larvae were parasitized by M. gyrator, with the effect of parasitism on the remaining species being much less pronounced. In excess of 94% of parasitized hosts gave rise to live wasps in L. oleracea, whilst in M. brassicae only 52% of parasitized hosts gave rise to a live wasp, the remainder dying (44.6%) or pupating (3.1%).The larval development of the parasitoid was also strongly influenced by the host species. Thus, the development (egg to cocoon) of female wasps was most rapid in C. chalcites (9.7 ± 0.09 days), and longest in M. brassicae (17.2 ± 1.08 days). The cocoon weight of wasps was also significantly affected by host species, with the heaviest female cocoons being derived from C. chalcites (10.4 ± 0.16 mg) and the lightest female cocoons being derived from M. brassicae (7.0 ± 0.14 mg). In all cases, the development times and cocoon weights of male parasitoids were less than those of female wasps.

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“…Diapause induction and termination. In previous work (Maltais et al, 1989;Thireau et al, 1990), we found that M. trachynotus usually exits from obliquebanded leafroller larvae when the host is in the 5 t~ or 6 th instar. However, development is interrupted in diapausing host larvae that have spun a hibernaculum.…”

Section: Sources Of Insectsmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Obliquebanded leafroller larvae were fed fresh excised foliage of mountain maple, Acer spicatum (Lam.). Spruce budworm were fed benomylfree artificial diet (McMorran, 1965), because benomyl inhibits the development of M. trachynotus inside spruce budworm (Thireau et al, 1990). Parasitoid cocoons were transferred to 100-ml plastic vials with screened caps, and adults were provided with cotton wicks imbibed with distilled water and a 10% honeywater solution.…”

Section: Sources Of Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No other unequivocal overwintering host has been reported. The parasitoid has three instars, and emerges from its host as a prepupa (Thireau et al, 1990). In central Quebec, M. trachynotus emerges from 5 th instar larvae of the obliquebanded leafroller in late May or early June, and spins a cocoon on the foliage in the vicinity of its moribund host (Mal-tais et aL, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development, reproduction, voltinism and host synchrony of Meteorus trachynotus with its hosts Choristoneura fumiferana and C. rosaceana

Thireau

Régnière

1995

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The form and variability of temperature‐dependent development responses were measured for the braconid parasitoid Meteorus trachynotus (Vier.), developing in Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and C. rosaceana (Harr.). It was found that parasitism reduces the duration and variability of postdiapause development in C. rosaceana larvae, and that the development of the parasitoid does not resume until its host emerges from diapause. M. trachynotus development and entry into diapause are controlled by the host. In large, nondiapausing hosts, the parasitoid can complete one generation in about 348 degree‐days above 5.9 °C. Male and female adults live an average of 22.0 and 23.8 days at 20 °C, and the preoviposition period is 1.7 days. Total fecundity averages 194.2 eggs per female and is reduced considerably by low host density. Under our experimental conditions, female M. trachynotus lay a maximum of 14.3 eggs per day, with a maximum of 3.7 eggs per host, on average. Simulations based on degree‐day accumulation in 13 locations in eastern Canada showed that the parasitoid was well synchronized with its two alternative hosts, that M. trachynotus could complete three generations in most locations, and that voltinism was essentially determined by entry of C. rosaceana larvae into diapause. Overlap between adult parasitoids and larvae of the spruce budworm is incomplete, and inadequate synchrony seems to be an important aspect of the ecological interactions between these two organisms. Résumé Nous avons mesuré la forme et la variabilité des réactions de cause à effet entre la température et le développement de la braconide Meteorus trachynotus (Vier.) se développant à l'intérieur de larves de Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.) et de C. rosaceana (Harr.). Le parasitisme réduit la durée et la variabilité de la postdiapause de C. rosaceana, et le développement du parasitoîde ne reprend qu'une fois l'hôte émergé de diapause. Le développement et l'entrée en diapause de M. trachynotus sont sous le contrôle de l'hôte. Dans des larves‐hôtes agées et non diapausantes, le parasitoîde peut engendrer une génération en moins de 348 degrés‐jours au‐dessus de 5,9 °C. Les adultes mâles et femelles vivent en moyenne 22,0 et 23,8 jours à 20 °C, et la période de préoviposition est de 1,7 jour. La fécondité totale est de 194,2 oeufs par femelle, et une faible densité d'hôtes la réduit considérablement. Dans nos conditions expérimentales, les femelles de M. trachynotus pondent au plus 14,3 oeufs par jour, la moyenne maximale étant de 3,7 oeufs par hôte. Des simulations basées sur l'accumulation de degrés‐jours pour 13 endroits dans l'est du Canada ont indiqué que le parasitoîde est bien synchronisé avec ses deux hôtes alternants, que M. trachynotus peut engendrer jusqu' à trois générations par année dans la plupart des endroits, et que son voltinisme est déterminé essentiellement par l'entrée en diapause des larves de C. rosaceana. Le chevauchement entre la période de vol des adultes du parasitoîde et celle de la disponibilité des larves ...

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Biology and morphology of immature stages of Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

DNA Extraction from Museum Specimens of Parasitic Hymenoptera

DNA Extraction from Museum Specimens of Parasitic Hymenoptera

The comparative biology of the solitary endoparasitoid Meteorus gyrator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on five noctuid pest species

Development, reproduction, voltinism and host synchrony of Meteorus trachynotus with its hosts Choristoneura fumiferana and C. rosaceana

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