Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs

Harkness, John E.; Murray, Kathleen A.; Wagner, Joseph

doi:10.1016/b978-012263951-7/50009-0

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…However diabetes mellitus was ruled out in the present cases as the causes of hyperglycemia. This may be due to the fact that diabetes mellitus is a rare condition in guinea pigs with the exception of colonies prone to genetic conditions or unidentified infectious agent (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Low levels of dietary ascorbic acid increase susceptibility to Candidiasis (16). Therefore in the present article although the guinea pigs had always been fed a commercially available diet with enough vitamin C levels, it was considered that treatment should include vitamin C supplementation as signs of conjunctivitis or upper respiratory disease should evoke deficiency (4).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Short Communication / Kısa Bilimsel Çalışma: Cutaneous candidiasis in two guinea pigs

Şahal¹

2011

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:Two approximately 6-month-old guinea pigs were admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary (DIMFV), University of Ankara because of lethargy of several weeks' duration, anorexia, bilateral allopecia, and itching. Candida albicans, was isolated from the skin lesions. Both patients were treated with ketoconazole (10 mg/kg PO every 12 h) and topical clotrimazole. The female guinea pig died during the seventh day of the treatment period.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Short Communication / Kısa Bilimsel Çalışma: Cutaneous candidiasis in two guinea pigs

Şahal¹

2011

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…1 The physiological response of this species makes it an ideal animal model for multiple research applications such as anaphylaxis, delayed hypersensitivity and pharmacology, to name a few. In experimental design we minimize as many of these variables as possible by using, for example, controlled breeding practices, health surveillance and sentinel monitoring programmes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we anticipated mitigation of study variables due to territorial stress which likely had not begun to develop in what is defined as the pre-adolescent age of less than 40 days. 1,15,16 Currently our facility receives and holds male guineapigs for four days prior to release for study activity. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of a hut was an impact on physiological stress levels during this quarantine/acclimatization period.…”

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confidence: 99%

The impact of huts on physiological stress: a refinement in post-transport housing of male guineapigs (Cavia porcellus)

et al. 2012

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The ideal animal model would contribute no confounding variables in experimental science. Variables affect experimental design resulting in increased animal use or repeated studies. We demonstrated a simple refinement which may reduce the number of animals used experimentally while simultaneously improving animal welfare. The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of a hut was an impact on physiological stress levels, as determined by faecal cortisol concentration, during a routine four-day acclimatization period of newly received male Hartley-Outbred guineapigs. We hypothesized that those animals provided with huts would have decreased physiological stress compared with animals not provided with huts. We examined this effect within both paired and single-housed animals. A between-subjects one-way analysis of variance revealed that pair-housed animals with a hut had significantly lower faecal cortisol concentration than pair-housed animals without a hut and the presence and absence of a hut had no significant impact on faecal cortisol concentration in single-housed animals. These findings show that presence of a hut is beneficial in reducing physiological stress when pair housing male guineapigs and does not appear to have an impact when single housing male guineapigs. In addition, we have shown that faecal cortisol, and therefore physiological stress, is still increasing on study day 4 suggesting a longer acclimatization period is necessary. A simple refinement in housing environment and acclimatization time can both reduce the number of animals used experimentally and improve animal welfare. The guineapig has been used as a research model for decades.1 The physiological response of this species makes it an ideal animal model for multiple research applications such as anaphylaxis, delayed hypersensitivity and pharmacology, to name a few. In experimental design we minimize as many of these variables as possible by using, for example, controlled breeding practices, health surveillance and sentinel monitoring programmes. Another method of maintaining uniformity in our animal models is consistency in animal husbandry practices. One of these practices is the quarantine and stabilization 2 period provided to animals upon receipt into research facilities, the objective of which is to provide time for recovery from transport and identify animals which are unwell or less than ideal. Once complete it is commonly accepted, that unless grossly apparent otherwise, these animals are physiologically, behaviourally and nutritionally recovered from transport and therefore in model animal condition. Since we generally only employ observational signs of wellbeing such as water and food consumption, faeces and urine output along with physical appearance (i.e. posture, body condition, behaviour), we may be unaware of other subclinical factors that are still present. These unrecognized, and as such uncorrected, variables may result in profound consequences on research objectives 3 leading to repeated studie...

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“…5 Clostridium difficile was first demonstrated, by Koch's postulate, to be the causative agent in clindamycin-induced colitis in hamsters by Bartlett et al 6 and is now known to be the most common isolate from guineapigs and hamsters. 3,7,8 The pathological changes and clinical signs of enterotoxaemia are caused by proliferation of and toxin release by the Clostridium. C. spiroforme produces an iota-like cytotoxin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clostridial typhlitis associated with topical antibiotic therapy in a Syrian hamster

et al. 2009

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A Syrian hamster that had been treated with topical antibiotic ointment for 10 days following injuries sustained during fighting was presented moribund. Postmortem and microscopic examinations revealed lesions consistent with clostridial typhlitis and enteritis. Anaerobic culture of caecal contents resulted in the isolation of two Clostridium species, and caecal contents contained Clostridium difficile enterotoxins. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of acute C. difficile enterotoxaemia was made. This report discusses the pathogenesis of C. difficile enterotoxaemia and the potential role of topical antibiotic ointment therapy in initiating the disease.

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Biology and Diseases of Guinea Pigs

Cited by 32 publications

References 103 publications

Short Communication / Kısa Bilimsel Çalışma: Cutaneous candidiasis in two guinea pigs

Short Communication / Kısa Bilimsel Çalışma: Cutaneous candidiasis in two guinea pigs

The impact of huts on physiological stress: a refinement in post-transport housing of male guineapigs (Cavia porcellus)

Clostridial typhlitis associated with topical antibiotic therapy in a Syrian hamster

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