Biologically inspired covert underwater acoustic communication by mimicking dolphin whistles

Liu, Songzuo; Ma, Tianlong; Qiao, Gang; Ma, Lu; Yin, You

doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.01.018

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Compared with the existing methods presented in Section 1, the proposed method shows a better classification performance for both whale species. Moreover, although the proposed method is used here for whistle detection and classification of only killer whales and long-finned pilot whales, it is not limited to this application and can be easily adapted for other whale or dolphin species that can produce whistles or other sounds; it can also be employed to perform some preliminary work in passive acoustic observation applications for whale or dolphin species, such as range and seasonal occurrence measurement, abundance estimation, and population structure determination, together with some bio-inspired underwater detection or communication systems [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whistle detection and classification for whales based on convolutional neural networks

Jiajia

Duan

et al. 2019

Applied Acoustics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whistle detection and classification for whales based on convolutional neural networks

Jiajia

Duan

et al. 2019

Applied Acoustics

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“…Dol et al by dolphin clicks and whistles [19]. Liu et al used high frequency dolphin clicks as an information carrier for covert communication [20]. Initially they attained a 37 bps data rate, which later increased to 69 bps [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bionic Morse Coding Mimicking Humpback Whale Song for Covert Underwater Communication

et al. 2019

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A novel method of bionic Morse coding mimicking humpback whale vocal is presented for covert underwater acoustic communication. The complex humpback whale song is translated as bionic Morse codes based on information entropy. The communication signal is made akin to the natural singing of male humpback whales. The intruder can detect the signal but will not be able to recognize the communication signal due to unified resemblance with the natural sound. This novel technique gives an excellent low probability of recognition characteristics. A flawless stealthy underwater acoustic communication has been established which has negligible chances of deciphered with high imperceptibility. Standard mimicry Morse codes have been developed for the characters of the English language and compared with Morse coding. Covert information of one character per second can be watermarked with perfect stealth and clandestine communication. This novel concept has been verified at transmission distance of five km and less than 10−3 Bit Error Rate (BER) is achieved at Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) down to negative seven dB. Zero BER is attained by estimating the channel by a matching pursuit algorithm and equalizing the errors by virtual time reversal mirror technique.

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“…The data rate of 37 bps was achieved, which was later improved to 69 bps by using the M-ary technique [16]. In [17], dolphin clicks were mimicked to establish furtive communication using time hopping-pulse position modulation (TH-PPM). A. ElMoslimany et al conducted successful tests for covert communication using the whistles of the dolphin Lagenorhychus obliquidens and whale Globicephala melas [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry Oriented Covert Acoustic Communication by Mimicking Humpback Whale Song

et al. 2019

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To meet the increasing demand of covert underwater acoustic communication, biologically inspired mimicry communication watermarking the data in symmetrical humpback whale song is presented. Mimicry is an entirely different approach from traditional covert communication where data are transmitted by spreading the waveform at a low signal to noise ratio. In this innovative technique, the carrier signal is imitated symmetrical to the ocean background noise, which can be shipping noise, anthropological noise, or the vocals emitted by sea animals. The eavesdropper can detect the communication signal, but will assume it to be real ocean noise due to its symmetry. It excludes the mimicked signal from recognition, which makes the communication covert. In this research, we watermarked the covert information in humpback whale song using discrete cosine transform in the frequency domain. The mimicked symmetrical signal provided excellent imperceptibility with the real song and an outstanding camouflage effect was calculated. We validated the novel concept by simulation and underwater tank experiment. 10−4 BER was achieved in the underwater tank experiment, which was diminished to zero error by using matching pursuit estimation and virtual time reversal equalization. This novel bionic covert communication technique is feasible for clandestine underwater acoustic communication in the presence of an eavesdropper with better imperceptibility.

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Biologically inspired covert underwater acoustic communication by mimicking dolphin whistles

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

Whistle detection and classification for whales based on convolutional neural networks

Whistle detection and classification for whales based on convolutional neural networks

Bionic Morse Coding Mimicking Humpback Whale Song for Covert Underwater Communication

Symmetry Oriented Covert Acoustic Communication by Mimicking Humpback Whale Song

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