Biological Safety of Fish (Tilapia) Collagen

Abstract

Marine collagen derived from fish scales, skin, and bone has been widely investigated for application as a scaffold and carrier due to its bioactive properties, including excellent biocompatibility, low antigenicity, and high biodegradability and cell growth potential. Fish type I collagen is an effective material as a biodegradable scaffold or spacer replicating the natural extracellular matrix, which serves to spatially organize cells, providing them with environmental signals and directing site-specific cellular regulation. This study was conducted to confirm the safety of fish (tilapia) atelocollagen for use in clinical application. We performed in vitro and in vivo biological studies of medical materials to investigate the safety of fish collagen. The extract of fish collagen gel was examined to clarify its sterility. All present sterility tests concerning bacteria and viruses (including endotoxin) yielded negative results, and all evaluations of cell toxicity, sensitization, chromosomal aberrations, intracutaneous reactions, acute systemic toxicity, pyrogenic reactions, and hemolysis were negative according to the criteria of the ISO and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. The present study demonstrated that atelocollagen prepared from tilapia is a promising biomaterial for use as a scaffold in regenerative medicine.

Fish Collagen Promotes the Expression of Genes Related to Osteoblastic Activity

“…From our previous data [4,5] and the present results, TAC may represent not only a promising alternative to mammalian and avian collagen products but also a novel biomaterial with cell differentiation ability. The final goal with TAC is its clinical application as a scaffold in regenerative medicine.…”

“…However, our recent experiment using calorimetry revealed that of collagen solution derived from the tropical fish, tilapia (tilapia type I atelocollagen [TAC]), was 35-36 ∘ C [4], indicating that the abovementioned weak point has been completely overcome. In addition, the biological safety of TAC has been confirmed using various test methods recommended with ISO standards [5]. The long-term storage of TCA under frozen conditions for over 1 year has already been demonstrated in our laboratory (unpublished data).…”

Fish Scale Collagen Peptides Protect against CoCl2/TNF‐α‐Induced Cytotoxicity and Inflammation via Inhibition of ROS, MAPK, and NF‐κB Pathways in HaCaT Cells

“…In addition, the fish scale collagen peptides (FSCP) were observed to promote HUVEC proliferation and reduce IL-6, IL-8, and TNF- α production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVECs [14]. Currently, FSCP have increasingly gained attention because of their safety [15], and diverse biological properties, including antioxidant [16], antitumor [17], antihypertensive [18], neuroprotective [17], antiskin aging [19], epiphyseal growth-promoting [20] and wound healing [21] effects, and osteogenic/endothelial differentiation-promoting effects in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells [22]. Furthermore, oral administration of FSCP was shown to diminish the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF- α and NO in rat synoviocytes and NO and C-reactive protein in diabetic patients with chronic inflammation [23].…”

The role of Kuniran (U. moluccensis) and Gurami (O. goramy) fish thorns and scales in increasing salivary leukocyte and monocyte cells viability against Streptococcus mutans

“…However, such materials must be compatible. 4 In Jember, Kuniran (Upeneus moluccensis) and Gurami (Osphronemus goramy) are two of the five most common fish species 5 with the latter representing an important national aquaculture commodity. 6 Therefore, this study seeks to analyze the viability of Kuniran thorns and Gurami fish scales in monocytes and salivary leukocytes acting against S. mutans.…”