Biological nitrogen fixation in tree legumes of the Brazilian semi-arid caatinga

Freitas, Ana Dolores Santiago de; Sampaio, Everardo V. S. B.; Santos, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva; Fernandes, Amanda Cristiane Gonçalves

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.09.018

Cited by 73 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(69 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar conditions have been observed by other authors in native species of the semiarid area evaluated in the present study (Freitas et al, 2010;Reis Junior et al, 2010). The 15 N abundance of the tree species of the agroforestry system intercropped with maize + cowpea indicated no apparent fixation in gliricidia, as previously mentioned.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In arid and semiarid regions, N 2 -fixing legume trees frequently obtain more than half of their N from symbiotic fixation (Freitas et al, 2010;Andrews et 2011; Souza et al, 2012). However, the amounts of fixed N vary much, depending on the specificities of the symbiosis and on the environmental characteristics that affect biomass production and SFN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have been conducted in the Brazilian semiarid area to measure crop and tree productivities under agroforestry systems (Pérez Marin et al, 2006Santos et al, 2010). Martins et al (2013) evaluated the productivities of maize, cowpea, and gliricidia trees and found that the agroforestry system produced the largest amounts of biomass, indicating that it can be a viable system in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nitrogen symbiotically fixed by cowpea and gliricidia in traditional and agroforestry systems under semiarid conditions

Martins

Freitas

Menezes

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The objective of this work was to estimate the amounts of N fixed by cowpea in a traditional system and by cowpea and gliricidia in an agroforestry system in the Brazilian Northeast semiarid. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replicates, in the semiarid region of the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Plots consisted of agroforestry and traditional systems (no trees), and split-plots of the three crops planted between the tree rows in the agroforestry system. To estimate N fixation, plant samples were collected in the fourth growth cycle of the perennial species and in the fourth planting cycle of the annual species. In the agroforestry system with buffel grass and prickly-pear cactus, gliricidia plants symbiotically fix high proportions of N (>50%) and contribute with higher N amounts (40 kg ha -1 in leaves) than in the traditional system (11 kg ha -1 in grain and 18 kg ha -1 in straw). In the agroforestry system with maize and cowpea, gliricidia plants do not fix nitrogen, and N input is limited to the fixation by cowpea (2.7 kg ha -1 ), which is lower than in the traditional system due to its lower biomass production.Index terms: Gliricidia sepium, Vigna unguiculata, biological nitrogen fixation, natural abundance, 15 N. Nitrogênio fixado simbioticamente por feijão-caupi e gliricídia em sistemas tradicional e agroflorestal sob condições semiáridasResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar as quantidades de N fixadas em feijão-caupi em sistema tradicional e em feijão-caupi e gliricídia em sistema agroflorestal, sob condições semiáridas do Nordeste brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, no semiárido da Paraíba. As parcelas consistiram dos sistemas agroflorestal e tradicional (sem árvores), e as subparcelas, dos três cultivos entre as linhas das árvores, no sistema agroflorestal. Para estimar a fixação de N, amostras das plantas foram coletadas no quarto ciclo de crescimento das espécies perenes e no quarto ciclo de cultivo das espécies anuais. No sistema agroflorestal com capim-buffel e palma forrageira, a gliricídia fixa simbioticamente altas proporções de N (>50%) e adiciona quantidades maiores de N (40 kg ha -1 nas folhas) que no sistema tradicional (11 kg ha -1 nos grãos e 18 kg ha -1 na palhada). No sistema agroflorestal com milho e feijão-caupi, a gliricídia não fixa N e a adição de N é limitada à fixação no feijão-caupi (2,7 kg ha -1 ), que é menor que no sistema tradicional em razão da sua baixa produção de biomassa.Termos para indexação: Gliricidia sepium, Vigna unguiculata, fixação biológica do nitrogênio, abundância natural, 15 N.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nitrogen symbiotically fixed by cowpea and gliricidia in traditional and agroforestry systems under semiarid conditions

Martins

Freitas

Menezes

et al. 2015

Pesq. agropec. bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In Caatinga, trees with high N 2 fixation can be clearly separated from non-fixing ones based on their δ 15 N signals. Several species have been identified as fixing high proportions of their N while others are clearly non-fixing ones (Freitas et al, 2010b;Souza, 2010). Preliminary estimates of N amounts fixed annually in the canopy of Caatinga were made for two sites: in Serra Talhada, PE, they were of 3 kg ha -1 , in mature Caatinga, and 26 kg ha -1 in a regenerating Caatinga; in Remigio, PB, they were 11 and 21 kg ha -1 , respectively (Freitas and Sampaio, 2008).…”

Section: Biological Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems of the Caatinga Biome

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P and water, the impacts of land use in the stocks and flows of these elements and how they can affect the structure and functioning of Caatinga were reviewed. About half of this biome is still covered by native secondary vegetation. Soils are deficient in nutrients, especially N and P. Average concentrations of total soil P and C in the top layer (0-20 cm) and 21 to 26 kg N ha -1 year -1 in mature and secondary Caatinga, respectively. The main processes responsible for nutrient and water losses are fire, soil erosion, runoff and harvest of crops and animal products. Projected climate changes in the future point to higher temperatures and rainfall decreases. In face of the high intrinsic variability, actions to increase sustainability should improve resilience and stability of the ecosystems. Land use systems based on perennial species, as opposed to annual species, may be more stable and resilient, thus more adequate to face future potential increases in climate variability. Long-term studies to investigate the potential of the native biodiversity or adapted exotic species to design sustainable land use systems should be encouraged.Keywords: tropical dry forest, nutrient fluxes, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus. Ciclagem biogeoquímica em ecossistemas terrestres do Bioma Caatinga ResumoOs ciclos biogeoquímicos de C, N, P e água, os impactos das mudanças do uso da terra nos estoques e fluxos destes elementos e como estas mudanças podem afetar a estrutura e o funcionamento da Caatinga foram revisados. Cerca da metade desse Bioma ainda é coberta por vegetação nativa secundária. Os solos são deficientes em nutrientes, principalmente N e P. A concentração média, na camada superficial (0-20 cm), de P total é 196 mg kg , e a biomassa radicular entre 3 a 12 Mg ha -1 . As produtividades e acumulações anuais de biomassa nos diferentes usos da terra variam de 1 a 7 Mg ha -1 . A fixação biológica de N 2 atmosférico é estimada em 3 a 11 kg N ha -1 ano -1 e 21 a 26 kg N ha -1 ano -1 em Caatinga madura e em regeneração, respectivamente. Os principais processos de perda de nutrientes e água são queimadas, erosão do solo, escoamento e colheita de cultivos e produtos animais. As mudanças climáticas projetadas indicam maiores temperaturas e menores precipitações. Considerando a alta variabilidade intrínseca, ações para aumentar a sustentabilidade deveriam melhorar a resiliência e a estabilidade dos ecossistemas. Sistemas de uso da terra baseados em espécies perenes, em contraposição a anuais, devem ser mais estáveis e resilientes, portanto mais adequados para enfrentar os potenciais aumentos na variabilidade climática. Estudos de longa duração para avaliar o potencial da biodiversidade nativa ou de exóticas adaptadas no delineamento de sistemas de uso sustentáveis deveriam ser encorajados.Palavras-chave: floresta seca tropical, fluxo de nutrientes, carbono, nitrogênio, fósforo.

show abstract

“…As Dulphy and Faverdin (1987), cited by Freitas et al (2010), the ruminants have a daytime habits and the pattern of foraging by the animals in confinement is very characteristic and features in two main stages: early in the morning and evening. These times coincided with the food was provided to the animals (8:00 and 17:00 hours).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestive behavior of Nellore steers in feedlot fed with diets containing different corn hybrids

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this work was to study the feeding behavior of Nellore beef cattle in feedlot fed with diets containing different corn hybrids. Twenty-seven animals averaging 350 ± 24 kg of body weight and 24 months of age, were used. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments (T), where, T1-TDFC: total diet containing flint corn, T2-TDSFC: total diet containing semi-flint corn and T3-TDSDC: total diet containing semi-dent corn, with 9 replicates per treatment. The animals were fed ad libitum twice a day (at 8:00am and 4:00pm) with a isocaloric and isonitrogenous diet, with 30% of sugar cane bagasse and 70% concentrate (88% maize, 8% soybean meal, 3% mineral and vitamin supplement and 1% urea) for 95 days (14 days of adaptation and 3 experimental periods of 27 days each). The animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and after each period of 27 days, always in a fasting period of 16 hours. The evaluation of animals feeding behavior occurred at the last day of each period by visual observation every five minutes for full periods of 24 hours. Observations were made in four shifts: morning (06:00 to 12:00), afternoon (12:00 to 18:00), evening (18:00 to 00:00) and early morning (00:00 06:00) to determine the number of ruminal bolus, chewing time, total feeding time, total ruminating standing time, total ruminating lying time, total standing idle time and total lying idle time. During the night's observations, the stalls received artificial illumination to facilitate the data collection and the animals were adapted with light at night for three days before observations. Animals fed with diets containing semi-dent corn had longer chew time and more ruminal bolus than those fed with flint corn, but did not differ from those that received semi-flint corn in the diet. The chewing time and number of ruminal bolus varied with the observation periods, being higher in the morning and decreasing in the afternoon, night and early morning. To the time spent feeding, ruminating and idle it was found that animals fed with diets containing flint corn had higher feeding time than those fed with diets containing semi-flint corn and semi-dent corn. Among the other variables there was no significant difference between treatments. It can be concluded that animals fed diets containing semident corn spent more time chewing food had more ruminal bolus than those fed flint corn in the diet. Animals fed diets containing flint corn spent more time feeding than those fed diets with semi-flint or semi-dent corn. The chewing time and number of ruminal bolus is biggest in the morning and decrease in the afternoon, night and early morning. Keywords: Concentrate, feeding, idle, rumination ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o comportamento ingestivo de bovinos da raça Nelore terminados em confinamento e alimentados com dietas contendo diferentes híbridos de milho. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos com peso vivo médio inicial de 350 ± 24 kg e idade média de 24 meses, distribuídos em...

show abstract

Biological nitrogen fixation in tree legumes of the Brazilian semi-arid caatinga

Cited by 73 publications

References 29 publications

Nitrogen symbiotically fixed by cowpea and gliricidia in traditional and agroforestry systems under semiarid conditions

Nitrogen symbiotically fixed by cowpea and gliricidia in traditional and agroforestry systems under semiarid conditions

Biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems of the Caatinga Biome

Ingestive behavior of Nellore steers in feedlot fed with diets containing different corn hybrids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About