Biological Monitoring Results for Cadmium Exposed Workers

McDiarmid, Melissa A.; Freeman, Caroline; Grossman, Ellie; Martonik, John

doi:10.1202/0002-8894(1996)057<1019:bmrfce>2.0.co;2

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In these studies, induction of MTs was evident after exposure of PBLs to 0.5 µM CdSO 4 . This concentration of cadmium is comparable to the reported blood cadmium levels of humans who suffered from occupational and environmental cadmium exposure [5][6][7] . Therefore it was predicted that detectable amounts of MT proteins might be induced in PBLs of cadmium-exposed humans, and that MTs may be a unique biomarker that responds to blood cadmium levels.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

“…Blood cadmium levels observed for itai-itai disease patients 6) , a worker in a Swedish cadmium-nickel battery factory 5) and some cadmium-exposed workers in a battery factory in the United States 7) were within the range in which we can detect quantitative changes in the hMT-IIA mRNA level in cultured PBLs (0.1 to 0.5 µM). Thus the PBL MTmRNA can be expected to serve as a novel biomarker that reflects cadmium exposure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Lymphocyte Metallothionein-mRNA as a Sensitive Biomarker of Cadmium Exposure.

Yamada

Koizumi

2001

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) produce metallothioneins (MTs) in response to a variety of heavy metal ions. MTs could therefore be a candidate for a marker that represents the biological effect of heavy metals. Since it is practically difficult to measure MT protein levels in PBLs, we examined if MT-mRNA could serve as a biomarker of heavy metal exposure. It is difficult to obtain RNA from PBLs without degradation, but we found that intact RNA can be prepared by the acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction method which minimizes nuclease digestion of RNA during purification steps. By Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated by this method from PBLs cultured with or without CdSO 4 , we demonstrated that MT-mRNA is induced by 0.1 to 0.5 µM CdSO 4 in a dose-dependent manner. The blood cadmium levels of exposed humans have been reported to be up to 0.5 µM. This suggests that our assay is able to detect quantitative changes in the PBL MT-mRNA level resulting from in vivo cadmium exposure. Thus, PBL MT-mRNA could be used as a sensitive biomarker reflecting exposure to cadmium, and probably to several other MTinducing heavy metals.

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confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Lymphocyte Metallothionein-mRNA as a Sensitive Biomarker of Cadmium Exposure.

Yamada

Koizumi

2001

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…Japanese companies must conduct periodic medical examinations of their Cd workers. The screening and surveillance guidelines for occupational Cd exposure set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) require testing of Cd in urine (CdU), blood (CdB) and b2-MG in urine (McDiarmid et al, 1996).…”

Section: Medical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological aspects of cadmium and occupational health activities to prevent workplace exposure in Japan: A narrative review

et al. 2010

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Chemicals are an essential part of modern manufacture processes. Their use must be managed with great attention in occupational settings to avoid serious detrimental effects to the health of employees. For example, cadmium compounds are indispensable for the production of nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries or as chemical stabilizer in plastics. It is an exceptionally toxic heavy metal and personnel exposed to cadmium in the workplace meet with potential health risks that can lead to the development of kidney, skeletal and respiratory disorders. In consequence, proactive and systematical development of occupational hygiene and health activities are necessary to reduce chemical exposure to cadmium in the workplace. This review describes the known facts of cadmium toxicity, the biological effects of cadmium exposure, possible regulation measures to prevent occupational cadmium exposure in three industrial health management systems and discusses future cooperation programs in these systems, proactive safety activities and occupational safety and health management strategies.

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Biological Monitoring Results for Cadmium Exposed Workers

Cited by 2 publications

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Lymphocyte Metallothionein-mRNA as a Sensitive Biomarker of Cadmium Exposure.

Lymphocyte Metallothionein-mRNA as a Sensitive Biomarker of Cadmium Exposure.

Toxicological aspects of cadmium and occupational health activities to prevent workplace exposure in Japan: A narrative review

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