Biological HRPs in wastewater

Valorization of Wastewater Resources Into Biofuel and Value-Added Products Using Microalgal System

“…They can range from moderate to high-risk biological pollutants like antibiotic resistant bacteria, viruses, protozoa, biotoxins, and helminths. Such infectious agents pose a substantial threat to human life and the environment (Jia and Zhang, 2019). On the other hand, some of the microbes like algae, pseudomonas, zoogloeal are environmental-friendly and aid in wastewater treatment.…”

Implications of SARS‐CoV‐2 on current and future operation and management of wastewater systems

“…All coronaviruses (CoV) belong to the family of Coronaviridae, which can be phylogenetically divided into four genera: α‐CoV, β‐CoV, γ‐CoV, and δ‐CoV. Among them, α‐CoV and β‐CoV mainly infect mammals including humans; γ‐CoV mainly infects birds; and δ‐CoV can infect both birds and mammals (Jia & Zhang, 2020).…”

“…Coronaviruses are enveloped, single‐stranded, positive sense, RNA viruses with a diameter of 60–200 nm, and an average diameter of approximately 100 nm. The long (about 12–30 kb), linear, single‐stranded nature of the CoV genome (Jia & Zhang, 2020) makes it particularly susceptible to ultraviolet irradiation (UV). At approximately 29.8 kb, the SARS‐CoV‐2 genome is at the higher end of the viral genome range and likely to be highly susceptible to UVC irradiation (Wigginton & Boehm, 2020).…”

“…The use of WBE is not a new approach and has been reviewed by Orive et al (2020). Environmental virologists realized the value of poliovirus surveillance by cell culture assays in wastewater in the 1940s (Jia & Zhang, 2020; Sinclair et al, 2008). They observed that when symptomatic cases in the community were prevalent, polioviruses were more frequently detected and at higher concentrations in wastewater.…”

Preparing for outbreaks – Implications for resilient water utility operations and services

“…Not all microorganisms present in water sources and wastewater are pathogenic. However, a few bacteria (such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Shigella dysenteriae , Vibrio cholera , and Legionella ), viruses (Enterovirus, Hepatitis virus, Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Adenovirus, and Norovirus) and protozoa ( Cryptosporidium , Giardia , Entamoeba histolyticaare ) are known to cause adverse health issues ( Jia & Zhang, 2020 ). While the shutdown during the pandemic has heavily restricted travel and recreational activities, it has instilled some environmental transformations such as decreased greenhouse gas emissions, cleaner beaches, less polluted water bodies, and improved air quality and visibility.…”