Biological efficacy of herbicides and fungicides applied with low-drift and twin-fluid nozzles

Jensen, Peter Kryger; Jørgensen, Lise Nistrup; Kirknel, Erik

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00055-7

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Due to the severity and destructive nature of dollar spot in high-value turf, fungicides are considered a key component in most management strategies or programs (Dernoeden, 2000;. Improved disease suppression in various crops has been attributed to adjustments in fungicide application techniques, including water-carrier volume, spray pattern, and water-droplet size (Armstrong-Cho et al, 2008;Chapple et al, 1997;Jensen et al, 2001;Lesnik et al, 2005). In creeping bentgrass, Couch (1985) reported that a localized penetrant fungicide dispersed in a flat-fan spray pattern and producing small water droplets provided better dollar spot control when compared with the same fungicide applied with a hollow-cone nozzle that produced very large droplets (Couch, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dollar Spot Severity as Influenced by Fungicide Mode of Activity and Spray Nozzle

Kaminski¹,

Fidanza²

2009

horts

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Dollar spot, caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, is a severe disease of highly maintained turfgrass. Improving the efficacy of fungicides when applied in relatively low water volumes may be possible through the optimization of nozzle selection. The objectives of this research were to evaluate fungicide efficacy when delivered through five different nozzle types and to elucidate any potential interactions between fungicide mode of activity and nozzle type. Research was conducted at four locations in Pennsylvania and Connecticut in 2005. Chlorothalonil (contact mode of activity) and propiconazole (acropetal penetrant mode of activity) were applied alone or tank-mixed and delivered through five different nozzles. At all sites, no fungicide-by-nozzle interactions were observed, and dollar spot suppression was generally greatest when fungicides were tank-mixed. The TurfJet 1/4TTJ04 nozzle generally provided the poorest level of control when compared with all other nozzles (i.e., Air Induction AI11004, Turbo TeeJet TT11003, and XR TeeJet XR11003 or XR11004). Although the impact of nozzle type was not as pronounced under low to moderate disease pressure, nozzles that produce fine to coarse water droplets (i.e., Turbo TeeJet or XR TeeJet) or the Air Induction (AI) nozzle were associated with the best suppression under severe dollar spot pressure. Despite producing a very coarse droplet, the AI nozzle also facilitated excellent suppression of dollar spot under severe disease pressure. The use of AI-type nozzles may improve the efficacy of fungicides used to control foliar diseases while at the same time minimize the potential for drift to off-site targets.

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confidence: 99%

Dollar Spot Severity as Influenced by Fungicide Mode of Activity and Spray Nozzle

Kaminski¹,

Fidanza²

2009

horts

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“…Results with paraquat, glyphosate, and imazamox plus imazapyr were consistent with Etheridge et al (2001), Wolf et al (2000), Messersmith (2001a, 2001b) and Sikkema et al (2008). DWRs with metribuzin were consistent with the results of Jensen et al (2001), though the photosystem II inhibitor used in that study was not metribuzin, but phenmedipham, which has a different site of action. Amitrole was not evaluated in any of the studies as its use is not common in row-crop applications, but was included due to its potential use for fallow and burn down situations given the high proclivity to resistance of these winter annual grasses in Australia (Walsh and Powles 2013).…”

Section: Dry Weight Reductionssupporting

confidence: 72%

Towards the optimisation of Coarse sprays to reduce drift and improve efficacy in Australian cropping systems

Ferguson¹

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The optimisation of Coarse sprays for control of insects, weeds, and diseases in agriculture involves understanding how those technologies are classified and selected for use. Coarse sprays are the focus of this thesis, because Coarse is a spray size classification that balances adequate coverage, while reducing pesticide spray drift. Spray drift is detrimental, and by selecting coarser droplet sprays, spray drift can be minimised. The initial research study in this thesis sought to identify the repeatability of each nozzle type by randomly selecting five units to test consistency of droplet size measurements across nozzle type.The optimisation of Coarse sprays involves understanding differences that separate uniform technologies, especially when uniform nozzles of the same droplet size classification category are selected. When using plants and efficacy studies alone to quantify spray coverage, specific coverage values are difficult to determine. This consideration prompted studies with artificial collectors to quantify droplet coverage and provide the droplet distribution across the collector to help aid in technology selection. Results from these studies showed that nozzles which produced the same spray quality based on the droplet size distribution did not result in similar coverage across collector types. Nozzles that resulted in the highest coverage were further studied in the subsequent chapters.The optimisation of Coarse sprays involves understanding how sprays move within plant canopies. Consistent spray coverage that is evenly distributed throughout the canopy is necessary to control pest populations that negatively affect yield. As applicators are switching to coarser sprays to reduce risk and liability of pesticide spray drift, concerns about efficacy loss are increasing. Results showed that droplet number densities were inversely related to the droplet size produced by the nozzles, yet coverage was influenced more by application volume rate than droplet size.The optimisation of Coarse sprays involves ensuring that measurement methods and techniques are precise for the selection of the best technologies. A freely available smartphone application (app), SnapCard was developed to provide for in-field analysis of spray collectors. Results from this study showed consistent agreement between Image J and the new app, SnapCard, both of which were used consistently in this study. 3 The optimisation of Coarse sprays requires using novel techniques for characterising sprays, notably artificial collectors. The use of artificial collectors for spray characterisation is well accepted, but there is no literature to bridge the knowledge gap to understand how each major artificial collector type differs. Using all collector types (water sensitive paper, Kromekote ® and Mylar ® ) in tandem was useful to properly characterise the sprays, in addition to helping to quantify the differences between each collector type for coverage and droplet number density analyses.An optimal Coarse spray should not drift in ...

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“…Therefore, farmers usually spray fungicides more frequently and in larger dosages, which inevitably accelerates the resistance development of B. cinerea . In addition, spray drift from fungicide applications has attracted the attention of the public as it can easily lead to environmental pollution and fungicide waste . Thus, developing a precise fungicide application system to control cucumber gray mold has become urgent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14][15] In addition, spray drift from fungicide applications has attracted the attention of the public as it can easily lead to environmental pollution and fungicide waste. 16,17 Thus, developing a precise fungicide application system to control cucumber gray mold has become urgent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A precisely targeted application strategy of dipping young cucumber fruit in fungicide to control cucumber gray mold

Cui

Song

et al. 2018

Pest Management Science

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Biological efficacy of herbicides and fungicides applied with low-drift and twin-fluid nozzles

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Dollar Spot Severity as Influenced by Fungicide Mode of Activity and Spray Nozzle

Dollar Spot Severity as Influenced by Fungicide Mode of Activity and Spray Nozzle

Towards the optimisation of Coarse sprays to reduce drift and improve efficacy in Australian cropping systems

A precisely targeted application strategy of dipping young cucumber fruit in fungicide to control cucumber gray mold

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