Biological effects of carbon black nanoparticles are changed by surface coating with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Lindner, Karina; Ströbele, Michael; Schlick, Sandra; Webering, Sina; Jenckel, André; Kopf, J; Danov, Olga; Sewald, Katherina; Buj, Christian; Creutzenberg, Otto; Tillmann, Thomas; Pöhlmann, G.; Ernst, Heinrich; Ziemann, Christina; Hüttmann, Gereon; Heine, Holger; Bockhorn, Henning; Hansen, Tanja; König, Peter; Fehrenbach, Heinz

doi:10.1186/s12989-017-0189-1

Cited by 59 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Inhalation studies (rat, mouse). In rats exposed to 6 mg/m 3 Printex 90 by nose-only inhalation for 14 days (6 h/day, 5 days/week), no DNA strand breaks or oxidative DNA damage was found in BAL cells with the comet assay, measured at day 1 and day 14 post-exposure (Lindner et al 2017). Also in mice, no DNA damage was found in BAL cells of dams and their offspring after inhalation exposure (whole-body) of the pregnant mice to 42 mg/m 3 (1 h/day, gd8-18); however, an increase in DNA lesions/10 6 base pairs was found in livers of both dams and offspring.…”

Section: Summary Of In Vivo Datamentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluating the evidence on genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of carbon black: a critical review

Chaudhuri

Fruijtier-Pölloth²,

Ngiewih

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Carbon black is produced industrially by the partial combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons under controlled conditions. It is considered a poorly soluble, low toxicity (PSLT) particle. Recently, results from a number of published studies have suggested that carbon black may be directly genotoxic, and that it may also cause reproductive toxicity. Here, we review the evidence from these studies to determine whether carbon black is likely to act as a primary genotoxicant or reproductive toxicant in humans. For the genotoxicity endpoint, the available evidence clearly shows that carbon black does not directly interact with DNA. However, the study results are consistent with the mechanism that, at high enough concentrations, carbon black causes inflammation and oxidative stress in the lung leading to mutations, which is a secondary genotoxic mechanism. For the reproductive toxicity endpoint for carbon black, to date, there are various lung instillation studies and one short-term inhalation study that evaluated a selected number of reproduction endpoints (e.g. gestational and litter parameters) as well as other general endpoints (e.g. gene expression, neurofunction, DNA damage); usually at one time point or using a single dose. It is possible that some of the adverse effects observed in these studies may be the result of non-specific inflammatory effects caused by high exposure doses. An oral gavage study reported no adverse reproductive or developmental effects at the highest dose tested. The overall weight of evidence indicates that carbon black should not be considered a direct genotoxicant or reproductive toxicant.

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Section: Summary Of In Vivo Datamentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluating the evidence on genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of carbon black: a critical review

Chaudhuri

Fruijtier-Pölloth²,

Ngiewih

et al. 2017

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…CBF was determined by fast Fourier transformation using a graphical user interface for MATLAB, which was programmed by Prof. Dr. Peter König (University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany). 22…”

Section: Measurement Of Ciliary Beating Frequency and Statistical Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Ciliary Functionality of Different Airway Epithelial Cell Lines in Three-Dimensional Cell Culture

Lodes

Seidensticker

Perniss

et al. 2020

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Three-dimensional respiratory tissue models have been generated using, for example, human primary airway epithelial cells (hAEC) or respective cell lines. To investigate ciliopathies, such as primary ciliary dyskinesia, the presence of functional kinocilia in vitro is an essential prerequisite. Since access to hAEC of healthy donors is limited, we aimed to identify a respiratory epithelial cell line that is capable to display functional kinocilia on at least 60% of the apical surface. Thus, we cultured four different human respiratory cell lines with human primary airway fibroblasts under airlift conditions, characterized the morphology, and analyzed ciliary function. Only one of the tested cell lines showed beating kinocilia; however, <10% of the whole surface was covered and ciliary beating was undirected. Positive control tissue models using hAEC and fibroblasts displayed expected directed ciliary beating pattern around 11 Hz. Our data show that the available cell lines are not suitable for basic and applied research questions whenever functional kinocilia are required and that, rather, hAEC-or human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived tissue models need to be generated.To study ciliopathies or Bordetella pertussis infection in vitro, three-dimensional respiratory tissue models with functional kinocilia covering at least 60% of the model's surface are mandatory. We cultured four respiratory cell lines on a fibroblastloaded biological scaffold and showed that none of them met this requirement. In contrast, primary airway cell-derived models sufficiently reflected the mucociliary phenotype. To further search for an alternative to primary respiratory cells, investigations on other cell lines should be conducted or even new cell lines have to be generated. IntroductionT hree-dimensional (3D) cell cultures of the respiratory epithelium/mucosa afford research on-for examplethe impact of airborne pollutants, host-pathogen interactions, and drug permeation. 1-5 As source for respiratory epithelial cells, primary cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), or cell lines can be used. Both primary cells and iPSC provide the opportunity to generate personalized tissue models, for example, to study individual drug responses or drug efficacy. Moreover, they show a high in vitro-in vivo correlation. These models feature a pseudostratified epithelial morphology, barrier properties, basal cells, mucus-producing goblet cells, and ciliated cells facilitating mucociliary clearance. [6][7][8][9]

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“…PM 0.1 and PM 2.5 enter the systemic circulation through a gap formed between alveolar epithelial cells, resulting in distribution throughout the body, thus affecting the heart and vasculature in humans . Currently, researchers are focused on the mechanism of the respiratory system, especially lung injury, with little having been reported about the toxic mechanisms of UFCB during blood transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological effects of ultrafine carbon black on red blood cells and hemoglobin

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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The harmful effects of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the atmosphere have caused widespread concern. Ultrafine carbon black (UFCB) is an important component of UFPs. In this study, we explored the impact of UFCB on the structure, the antioxidant defense system, and the ATPase activity of human red blood cells (hRBCs). It was found that UFCB decreased the activity of SOD (73.58%), CAT (89.79%), and GSH‐Px (81.02%), leading to oxidative stress in hRBCs. UFCB had no destructive effect on the structure of hRBCs in 4 hours. ATPase activity increased (119.34%) and UFCB had weakly stimulated the cell membrane. On the molecular level, spectroscopic experiments showed that bovine hemoglobin (BHb) can bind to the UFCB by electrostatic force, leading to the shrinking of the BHb skeleton and increase in microenvironment polarity. This study demonstrates the negative hematological effect of UFCB on hemoglobin and hRBCs and reveals the potential risks in animals and humans.

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Biological effects of carbon black nanoparticles are changed by surface coating with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Cited by 59 publications

References 87 publications

Evaluating the evidence on genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of carbon black: a critical review

Evaluating the evidence on genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity of carbon black: a critical review

Investigation on Ciliary Functionality of Different Airway Epithelial Cell Lines in Three-Dimensional Cell Culture

Hematological effects of ultrafine carbon black on red blood cells and hemoglobin

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