Biological effect of gamma irradiation on vegetative propagation of Coffea arabica L

Abstract

Coffee is the second most valuable commodity exported by developing countries, and supports the livelihood of more than 75 million people. There are limitations to preference for established cultivars due to the autogamous nature of the crop thereby making improvements via conventional breeding of many years to produce a new cultivar difficult. Mutation breeding can overcome these obstacles. One of the first steps in mutation breeding is to determine radio-sensitivity so that optimal irradiation treatments can be determined. Three cultivars: Kents, Mundo novo and Geisha were sourced from the coffee germplasm collection at the Mambilla Plateau substation of the institute, Taraba State, Nigeria. The biological effect of the physical was studied in the selected cultivars of Coffea arabica after the rooted seedlings were treated with various doses of Gamma rays: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy. Success takes percentage and seedling vigour were used as measures of radio-sensitivity at 4 weeks after settings (WAS), 8, 12, and 16 WAS. The results showed that genotype of the cultivars and dosage of irradiation significantly influenced response to irradiation treatments (p < 0.05). The effect of the irradiation on treated cultivars was inversely proportional to the emergence of the success takes, plant height, root length, number of roots and number of leaves. The optimal mutation treatment (LD 50 ) of M 1 V 1 cuttings was in the range of 12 Gy in all the treated Arabica varieties an indication to buttress the narrow genetic base with reference to the similarity of their evolutionary trends. This work provides data on dose treatments for mutation induction in coffee, which may be exploited for coffee improvement.

Efficiency of gamma irradiation and ethyl methane sulphonate in inducing variations in Jasminum auriculatum Vahl.

“…Many factors, such as genotype, age, chromosome number, and environment, determine the dosages required to induce mutation-induced variation (Bado et al, 2017). The dose necessary to trigger mutation differs considerably between vegetatively propagated and seed propagated crops, possibly due to more active metabolising tissues in the latter (Dada et al, 2018). Therefore, before beginning an effective mutation work, LD 50 and GR 50 levels are required to be standardized.…”

Análisis de Germinación de Semillas de Eucalyptus nitens Tratadas con Radiación Gamma: Indicios de Efecto Hormético

“…Iglesias et al (2010) tras evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de radiación gamma en dosis de 2, 5, 10, 15 y 20 Gy sobre la germinación de semillas de Abies religiosa concluyen que las dosis bajas no se diferencian del testigo sin irradiar, en tanto que las dosis mayores presentan un efecto detrimental sobre la germinación y otras características de las plántulas. Tales resultados resultan idénticos a los informados por Dada et al (2018) respecto al efecto sobre el vigor de plántulas de café tratadas con radiación gama en dosis de entre 0 y 25 Gy.…”

Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Tunas Apikal dan Aksilar Kopi Arabika

“…Penggunaan iradiasi sinar gamma pada buah kopi Arabika tipe typika telah dilaporkan oleh Quintana et al (2019). melaporkan penggunaan iradiasi sinar gamma pada kalus embriogenik kopi Arabika, Arrieta, Cespedes, & Barquero (2018) pada embrio zigotik kopi Arabika, sementara pada bibit kopi Arabika umur 8 bulan dilaporkan oleh Dada et al (2018). Selain kopi Arabika penggunaan iradiasi sinar gamma juga telah dilakukan pada kopi Robusta yang menggunakan kalus embriogenik (Ibrahim, Randriani, Sari, & Nuraini, 2019).…”

“…Penurunan jumlah daun juga terlihat pada tanaman kopi Arabika yang ditumbuhkan di rumah kaca setelah bahan tanam berupa stek diiradiasi sinar gamma 0 sampai 25 Gy. Pertumbuhan daun terlihat berbeda nyata antara dosis 0 (kontrol), 5, 10, dan 15 Gy dengan dosis 20 dan 25 Gy (Dada et al, 2018). Jumlah daun menurun seiring dengan bertambah dosis iradiasi juga terlihat pada kultur pisang tanduk setelah diiradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis 20 Gy (Abdulhafiz, Kayat, & Zakaria, 2018).…”