Biological Detail and Therapeutic Effect of Azadirachta Indica (Neem Tree) Products- A Review

Abstract

BACKGROUND The Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) growing in tropical and subtropical regions, is a native tree of India. Neem belongs to Meliaceae family, also known as a Limbo, Nim, Nimba, Medusa and Vempu. It is also called "village pharmacy" of South Asia because of its enormous medicinal properties. Every part of Neem is so useful for the treatment of human disease. Various parts of the tree are well known for their medicinal properties which are prescribed by Ayurvedic, Siddha, and herbal medicine practitioners in India. Currently Azadirachta indica-Neem formulations are effective against a several diseases, ulcers, eczema, sores, burns, ulcers etc. It has been used in ayurvedic medicines for thousands of years because it exhibits therapeutic properties such as anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-insecticidal, anti-bacterial, anti-allergic, anti-helminthic, anti-inflammatory and anti-dermatic properties. Approximately 135 different structural compounds have been identified from different parts of Neem tree for their beneficial effects.

An Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Neem and Its Active Constituents: A Panacea for All Diseases

“…Nimbolide, a phytoconstituent of neem has been found to promote apoptosis via modulation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) /Protein Kinase B (Akt) /Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3β) signaling pathway in oral cancer (53). Seed oil of neem E J M R has also been found to induce apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 human breast cancer cells (54). l. Antifertility activity Neem seed oil has been found to possess a powerful spermicidal as well as spermatogenesis inhibitory property.…”

Nutritionaland Therapeutic Importance of Nelumbo Nucifera (Sacred Lotus)

“…Honey derived from lotus flowers contain tonic properties and is known to be beneficial for the treatment of eye infections. gum areemployed in customary native medication as a source ofnumerous therapeutic agents (36). Numerous studies have been conducted on leaves, bulbs, and seeds, fruit rhizomes, with reference to its nutritional, phytochemical, pharmacological and microbiological elements of the various parts of the plant.…”

GCMS Profile of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites with Therapeutic Potential in the Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica¬: A Sacred Traditional Medicinal Plant of INDIA

“…Profile of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants provides an understating to the type and level of bioactive secondary metabolites in different parts of the plant. [33][34][35][36] In fact, therapeutic applications attributed to Neem [37][38][39][40][41] include abortive 42 , analgesic 43 , antibacterial 44 , antimicrobial 45 anticancer 46,47 , anticandidal 48 , antidermatophytic 39 , antidiabetic 49 , antifeedant 9 , antifungal 50 , anti-helminthic, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antipyretic, antispasmodic 51 , anti-spermatogenic(Seriana), antiviral 52 , diuretic, contraceptive 53 , hepatoprotective 54 , hypercholesterolemic 55 , immuno-modulatory activities 27 , contraception/ aborticide, dental plaque, dengue 56 ; diabetes, fever, head lice, heart disease, insect repellent, malaria, pesticide, psoriasis, skin diseases 57 , ulcers, stomach upset, stomach-ache, intestinal worms, and wound healing 58 . Recently, Azadirachtin -A, bioactive secondary metabolite from A. indica has been identified as potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease [59][60][61] and is expected to play a major role in the management of COVID-19 once through with clinical trials.…”