Biological destruction of conidia ofVerticillium biguttatum

Jager, G.; Velvis, H.

doi:10.1007/bf01877243

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, enchytraeid reproduction increased dramatically when pelletized hyphae were added to soil (17). Fungivory by enchytraeids seemed especially interesting, in part because fungivory has been infrequently considered in the plant pathology literature (3,12,23,39,40). Moreover, enchytraeids, which are closely related to earthworms, are apparently quite common (5) but seldom studied in the United States (45).…”

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Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Ba¹

1999

Phytopathology®

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I tested the hypothesis that exclusion of enchytraeids and microarthropods in agricultural fields improves establishment of two nematophagous fungi. Soil was collected from three tomato fields and two vineyards and either heat-treated (2 h at 60 degrees C) or not. Alginate pellets containing hyphae of the fungi Hirsutella rhossiliensis or Monacrosporium gephyropagum were added to the soil, which was packed into cages (PVC pipe, 80-cm(3) volume) sealed with fine (20 mum) or coarse (480 mum) mesh. Cages were buried 22 cm deep in the same fields from which the soil had been collected. After 7 to 50 days, the cages were recovered and fungi and fauna quantified. Fine mesh largely excluded enchytraeids, collembolans, and mites but rarely affected fungus numbers. In contrast, heat treatment of soil rarely affected enchytraeids, collembolans, or mites but frequently increased fungus numbers, regardless of mesh size. The data are inconsistent with the initial hypothesis but are consistent with the idea that organisms narrower than 20 mum interfere with fungal growth from the pellets.

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confidence: 98%

Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Ba¹

1999

Phytopathology®

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“…In both fields factors detrimental to V. biguttatum seem to be active and responsible for its low densities [Jager and Velvis, 1994].…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamics ofRhizoctonia solani (black scurf) in successive potato crops

Jager¹,

Velvis²

1995

Eur J Plant Pathol

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The position of plants with Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia (black scurf) on progeny tubers was mapped for an experimental field at Haren where potatoes were grown continuously and in rotation with other crops for five successive years, and for another field at Borgercompagnie with a 1:2 frequency of potatoes during three potato crops. Initially, the distribution of plants with black scuff on both fields was rather dense and homogeneous. In the following years the distribution became heterogeneous and patchy. The local decline of R. solani AG 3 (the common potato pathogen) in Haren was apparently caused by an unknown factor selectively suppressing R. solani AG 3, while simultaneously R. solani AG 5 increased in mass. This AG 5 type proved to be an inferior competitor of AG 3 on the potato plant in a laboratory experiment. The specific R. solani antagonist Verticillium biguttatum did not play a role. A similar factor could have reduced the formation of black scurf in the experimental field at Borgercompagnie, where V. biguttatum was also too infrequent to account for the decline. R. solani AG 5 was not present here and could not indicate the presence of a selective factor against AG 3.

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Suppression of nematophagous fungi by enchytraeid worms: a field exclosure experiment

Jaffee

Santos²,

Muldoon³

1997

Oecologia

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The feeding biology of Enchytraeus crypticus and other enchytraeids is poorly understood as is their effect on nematophagous fungi. Because enchytraeids had been associated with nematophagous fungi in the field and had suppressed these fungi in soil microcosms, we tested the hypothesis that exclusion of enchytraeids, largely E. crypticus, would improve establishment of certain nematophagous fungi in field plots. The fungi, Hirsutella rhossiliensis and Monacrosporium gephyropagum, are being studied as potential control agents of plant-parasitic nematodes and were formulated as hyphae in alginate pellets. The pellets were mixed into soil without enchytraeids and placed in cages (PVC pipe, 80 cm volume) with fine (20 μm) or coarse (480 μm) mesh; cages were buried 15 cm deep in field plots and then recovered after 6-52 days. When fine mesh was used, enchytraeids were excluded and the fungi increased to large numbers. When coarse mesh was used, enchytraeid numbers in cages increased rapidly and the fungi did poorly. Although mesh also affected other potential fungivores, including collembolans and large dorylaimid nematodes, we suspect that enchytraeids were more important because large numbers were consistently found in cages with coarse mesh soon after the cages were placed in soil. Organisms smaller than enchytraeids (bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) also appeared to be important because the fungi did better in heat-treated soil than in non-heat-treated soil, regardless of mesh size. The rapid increase in enchytraeid numbers in cages with hyphal pellets and coarse mesh was probably caused by movement of enchytraeids toward the pellets with hyphae: increase in enchytraeid numbers was minimal when movement into cages was blocked (or when cages contained pellets without hyphae). Overall, the data were consistent with the hypothesis that enchytraeids, or other meso- or macrofauna, contributed to suppression of nematophagous fungi in our field plots.

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Biological destruction of conidia ofVerticillium biguttatum

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Dynamics ofRhizoctonia solani (black scurf) in successive potato crops

Suppression of nematophagous fungi by enchytraeid worms: a field exclosure experiment

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