Biological control of rice brown spot with native isolates of three Trichoderma species

Abstract

Brown spot caused by Bipolaris oryzae is an important rice disease in Southern coast of Caspian Sea, the major rice growing region in Iran. A total of 45 Trichoderma isolates were obtained from rice paddy fields in Golestan and Mazandaran provinces which belonged to Trichoderma harzianum, T. virens and T. atroviride species. Initially, they were screened against B. oryzae by antagonism tests including dual culture, volatile and nonvolatile metabolites and hyperparasitism. Results showed that Trichoderma isolates can significantly inhibit mycelium growth of pathogen in vitro by producing volatile and nonvolatile metabolites Light microscopic observations showed no evidence of mycoparasitic behaviour of the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. such as coiling around the B. oryzae. According to in vitro experiments, Trichoderma isolates were selected in order to evaluate their efficacy in controlling brown spot in glasshouse using seed treatment and foliar spray methods. Concerning the glasshouse tests, two strains of T. harzianum significantly controlled the disease and one strain of T. atroviride increased the seedling growth. It is the first time that the biological control of rice brown spot and increase of seedling growth with Trichoderma species have been studied in Iran

Native Trichoderma grown on oat grains controls damping-off and enhances height in soybean

“…Volatile and non-volatile compounds were the main forms of controlling R. solani by the Trichoderma populations tested, what is in agreement with Khalili et al (2012). The populations ASP24 and the commercial strain also reduced the growth of the pathogen in the dual culture test (Table 1).…”

“…It may also stimulate plant growth and improve plant resistance to diseases (Verma et al 2007, Lorito et al 2010. It is recovered from soils around the world and from different production systems (Lorito et al 2010, Khalili et al 2012. Trichoderma is also…”

Antifungal potential of crude extracts of Trichoderma spp.

“…The evaluation of NVMs produced by fungi under laboratory conditions, as well as dual culture, is an initial step in the prospection of metabolites for both biological control and other purposes and can not be overlooked. It can be performed by the technique of cellophane paper (Khalili et al 2012, Jeyaseelan et al 2014, Barari 2016 or also from the liquid culture, filtration and incorporation in the substrate method. Numerous scientific studies have used the methodology of incorporation of filtrates into culture medium for the evaluation of antagonism in different plant pathogenic fungi species, such as Verticillium dahliae Kleb.…”

Evaluasi Jamur Antagonis dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Rigidoporus microporus Penyebab Penyakit Jamur Akar Putih pada Tanaman Karet

“…(Ajith & Lakshmidevi, 2010). T. harzianum juga mampu menghambat Bipolaris oryzae sebesar 72,4% (Khalil, Sadravi, Naeimi, & Khosravi, 2012), sedangkan penelitian lainnya melaporkan bahwa T. harzianum, T. virens, dan T. atroviride dapat menghambat Fusarium moniliforme sebesar 26,27%-32,86% (Kumar, Misra, Modi, & Gupta, 2012).…”